Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1983-05-09
1986-09-30
Cohen, Lee S.
Surgery
Truss
Pad
A61N 500
Patent
active
046141901
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an arrangement for effecting photoirradiation and to a method of photoirradiation for the activation of chemical substances.
It is known that selective drugs such as hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) when administered to the animal body firstly can be selectively retained in tumours and cancerous tissue and can by effective photoirradiation be made to effect by means which are not yet totally clear, an affect which has a deleterious effect upon the tumour or cancerous tissues.
It is to be realised that while hematoporphyrin derivative is referred to in this specification it is in fact a mixture of compounds and the use of this invention may extend to particular photosensitive elements included within the compound referred to as hematoporphyrin derivative.
Similarly it can extend to other chemical compounds having a similar deleterious effect on tumours or cancerous tissue.
This invention accordingly relates firstly to a method effecting a more effective activation for this purpose of a drug of this type or the invention relates to the apparatus incorporating the particular parts and characteristics necessary to make the discovery effective or the invention relates to the treatment of the human body or the invention relates to the treatment of any animal body.
Thus far, there has been experienced difficulties in providing irradiation of a selected location with sufficient intensity to ensure sufficient activation of the chemical to effect a sufficient action to have the desired effect on the tumour or cancerous tissue without the irradiation itself unduly affecting by heating or otherwise the surrounding flesh.
In the considerable research that has been thus far conducted, there has been difficulty in achieving a sufficiently high irradiation by using a conventional source of radiation without causing this undue damage elsewhere.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention will be better understood when referred to specific illustrations but in general terms according to this invention there is proposed that instead of activating or irradiating the chemical for the purpose described from a continuous source, there is proposed that the source is pulsed so that while individual pulses of the radiation energy have a high energy state, none the less, the average energy and therefore the general heating of tissue will be somewhat less than would be necessary for a continuous source providing such high energy excitation continuously.
The effect is to thereby cause the excitation and hence expected cytotoxic effect while the chemical, particularly hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD), is being held within the tumour in the body.
Accordingly the invention in one form can be said to reside in a method of preparation of an active compound in vivo comprising the steps of administering a photosensitive chemical and irradiating the photosensitive chemical in situ with pulsed electromagnetic radiation to prepare the active compound.
In one preferred form of the invention the wave length of the electromagnetic radiation is in the range of from 626 nanometers to 636 nanometers.
In a further preferred form the pulse length of the electromagnetic radiation is from twenty nanoseconds to fifty nanoseconds and the pulse frequency is selected from the range of from one hundred hertz to ten kilohertz.
As indicated above in a preferred form of the invention the photosensitive chemical may be hematoporphyrin derivative.
In one preferred form of the invention the electromagnetic radiation may be supplied by a gold vapour laser.
In an alternative form of the invention the active compound is of a type useful for the treatment of tumours and cancerous tissue.
In an alternative form the invention is said to reside in activation of a photosensitive chemical comprising the steps of irradiating the photosensitive chemical with radiant energy as a pulsed supply, such that the energy supplied has a multiple number of short pulses of high energy, but at the same time, has a much lower average en
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patent: 3900034 (1975-08-01), Katz et al.
patent: 3914013 (1975-10-01), Rosenberg
patent: 4266549 (1981-05-01), Kimura
patent: 4309998 (1982-01-01), Aron et al.
patent: 4336809 (1982-06-01), Clark
patent: 4391275 (1983-07-01), Frankhauser et al.
Anders et al, "Investigation . . . Dye Lasers", Conf: Laser 77 Opto-Elec., Munich, Ger., Jun. 1977, pp. 520-526.
Dougherty et al, "Photoradiation Therapy for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors", Cancer Research, vol. 38, pp. 2628-2635, Aug. 1978.
Piper James A.
Stanco Alexei
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