Compositions: coating or plastic – Coating or plastic compositions – Marking
Reexamination Certificate
2001-05-24
2003-02-11
Klemanski, Helene (Department: 1755)
Compositions: coating or plastic
Coating or plastic compositions
Marking
C106S031320, C106S031640, C106S031490, C106S031780
Reexamination Certificate
active
06517618
ABSTRACT:
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/864,386, pending, filed concurrently herewith, entitled “Photochromic Gyricon Display,” with the named inventors Daniel A. Foucher, Raj D. Patel, Naveen Chopra, Peter M. Kazmaier, Erwin Buncel, and James Wojtyk, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses a display comprising an arrangement of a plurality of optically anisotropic rotatable elements, each of said rotatable elements having a surface in contact with an enabling fluid, said rotatable elements being electrically dipolar in the presence of the enabling fluid and thus being subject to rotation upon application of an electric field, said rotatable elements being free to rotate in place but not free to translate substantially so as to disrupt the arrangement of rotatable elements, wherein a first portion of said surface contains a mixture of a chelating agent and a spiropyran material of the formula
wherein n is an integer representing the number of repeat —CH
2
— units and R is —H or —CH═CH
2
, and wherein a second portion of said surface contains substantially no spiropyran.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/864,475, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,365,312, filed concurrently herewith, entitled “Marking Particles,” with the named inventors Daniel A. Foucher, Raj D. Patel, Naveen Chopra, Peter M. Kazmaier, Erwin Buncel, and James Wojtyk, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses marking particles comprising a first polymer, a second polymer, a chelating agent, and a spiropyran material of the formula
wherein n is an integer representing the number of repeat —CH
2
— units and R is —H or —CH═CH
2
. The marking particles comprise a core containing the first polymer in which is dispersed the chelating agent and the spiropyran and encapsulated within a shell of the second polymer formulated by an interfacial polymerization.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/864,535, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,358,655, filed concurrently herewith, entitled “Marking Particles,” with the named inventors Daniel A. Foucher, Raj D. Patel, Naveen Chopra, and Peter M. Kazmaier, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses marking particles comprising a resin, a chelating agent, and a spiropyran material which is of the formula
The marking particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/035,518, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,235,395, filed Mar. 15, 1998, entitled “Flexible Displays,” with the named inventors Guerino G. Sacripante and James C. Mikkelsen Jr. and published in Japan on Oct. 29, 1999 as Publication No. 11296111, the disclosures of which are totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses a display comprising a first component containing spheres encapsulated within a wax, and thereover and thereunder said component substrates.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/723,187, filed Nov. 27, 2000, entitled “Encapsulation Process,” with the named inventors Naveen Chopra, Peter M. Kazmaier, and Paul J. Gerroir, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses an encapsulation process including: (a) forming an emulsion composed of a continuous phase comprising a first liquid, a cationic material, and an anionic material, and a disperse phase composed of a plurality of droplets of a second liquid, wherein a number of the droplets includes therein one to five particles; and (b) inducing complex coacervation of the cationic material and the anionic material to form a shell around each of the droplets.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/749,688, filed Dec. 28, 2000, entitled “Gyricon Display Containing Chemical Absorbents,” with the named inventor Nicholas K. Sheridon, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses a gyricon sheet including a binder with rotating elements and dielectric fluid therein, and further including a chemical absorbent in association therewith. The chemical absorbent, such as zeolite or charcoal, absorbs contaminants present in the gyricon sheet that interfere with the reliable operation of the display. The chemical absorbent may be present either in the gyricon sheet itself or in a separate scavenger layer adjacent to and in contact with the gyricon sheet. The presence of the chemical absorbent significantly increases the length of time that the display can reliably display images.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/722,565, filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “Methods of Encapsulating Cores Using Ink Jets or Fogs,” with the named inventors David K. Biegelsen, Naveen Chopra, Karen A. Moffat, and Nicholas K. Sheridon, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses a method of coating a liquid or solid particulate core that involves dropping or suspending the particulate core in an atmosphere and then applying a liquid coating while the particulate core is dropped or suspended, the applying of the liquid coating being done by either (a) spraying the liquid coating onto the particulate core with an ink jet or (b) moving the particulate core through a fog of the liquid coating. In a further embodiment, the method can be used for encapsulating a liquid or solid particulate core within a polymeric shell by dropping or suspending the particulate core in an atmosphere, then applying by one of the above-mentioned methods a first coating composition containing a first reactant to the particulate core while the particulate core is being dropped or suspended, and subsequently exposing the particulate core coated with the first coating composition to a second composition containing a second reactant which reacts with the first reactant, which second composition is immiscible with the first coating composition, whereby the polymeric shell is formed by interfacial polymerization. By these methods, the formation of membranes or polymer shells around a variety of particulate core materials can be done using precise amounts of coating materials, thereby reducing waste and improving efficiencies of the process.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/723,204, filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “Swollen Gyricon Displays and Method of Making Same,” with the named inventor Nicholas K. Sheridon, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses a gyricon sheet which includes a binder containing rotating elements, wherein the binder is swollen with dielectric fluids so as to have cavities larger than the rotating elements around each of the rotating elements, the cavities filled with the dielectric fluids, and wherein the dielectric fluids comprise a mixture of at least two liquids having different binder swelling capabilities. By selection of the mixture of dielectric liquids, the extent of swelling of the gyricon sheet can be precisely controlled, enabling the gyricon sheet to exhibit a high level of display brightness.
Copending application U.S. Ser. No. 09/757,539, filed Jan. 11, 2001, entitled “Rotating Element Sheet Material With Dual Vector Field Addressing,” with the named inventor Nicholas K. Sheridon, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, discloses a rotating element sheet material comprising a plurality of rotatable elements disposed in a substrate and in contact with an enabling fluid; where one of the plurality of rotatable elements comprises a core configured to present a first aspect in a first orientation and a second aspect in a second orientation, and where the first orientation and the second orientation are related by a rotational transformation about an axis of the rotatable element, and where the rotatable element in contact with the enabling fluid is further configured to exhibit a first addressing dipole configured to couple with a first vector field and a second addressing dipole configured to couple with a second vector field, and where the rotatable element exhibits the first aspect in the first vector field in a first direction and the second aspect in the second vector field in t
Buncel Erwin
Chopra Naveen
Foucher Daniel A.
Kazmaier Peter M.
Patel Raj D.
Byorick Judith L.
Klemanski Helene
Xerox Corporation
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