Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Composite – Of epoxy ether
Patent
1994-08-03
1998-03-17
Krass, Frederick
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Composite
Of epoxy ether
428901, 525502, 525486, 525488, 525529, 525530, 525903, 528108, 528398, 528400, C08F28310
Patent
active
057284687
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to organic phosphorus compound-containing polymeric resin.
Such a resin is known from European Patent Application 89103802.8, published as EP-A-384 940. In this publication an epoxy resin mixture is disclosed composed of an aromatic and/or heterocyclic epoxy resin free of phosphorus, an epoxy groups-containing phosphorus compound, and a particular aromatic polyamine as hardener. With no flame retardants being added, the resin is found to have a certain degree of refractoriness or fireproofness. This makes it possible for a key ingredient of many present-day flame retardants, bromine, which is not very environment-friendly, to be replaced.
Organic phosphorus compounds are indeed advisable bromine replacements. However, at least two drawbacks apply here. Firstly, it is generally found that the desired results, particularly with regard to Tg-value, are not obtained if phosphorus compounds are incorporated into known resins. This is also mentioned in said European Patent Application. Secondly, the degree to which phosphorus compounds can be employed in an environmentally safe manner has been insufficiently established. Hence it is preferred to use phosphorus compounds in the smallest possible quantity while maintaining sufficient flame retardancy (fireproofness, refractoriness), a significant demand which these days is notably made of the types of resins used in the electronics industry. Further, it is advisable from an economic point of view to be able to incorporate also relatively simple phosphorus compounds into resins, in which process the resin should retain favourable properties.
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,524,903 a flame retardant vinyl ester resin is disclosed. The resin is prepared by reacting a polyepoxide with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and an alkyl hydrogen phosphate ester.
Essentially, the polyepoxide is not employed as an epoxy resin, but is converted to vinyl ester resin. Flame retardance is attained by virtue of the phosphorus compound only in conjunction with halogen, which typically is introduced via the polyepoxide (using, e.g., tetrabromo bisphenol-A epoxide) in an amount of about 10-20 wt %. Hence, U.S. Pat. No. 3,524,903 does not provide any teaching on the desired replacement of halogen.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,708,981 discloses a phosphorus or sulfur containing interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) comprising a mixture of a host polymer and a guest polymer, the host polymer being formed from phosphoric acids or sulfuric acid and a polymer or copolymer of a compound which possesses repeat units selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethylene poly(vinyl alcohol), ethylene imine, (meth)acrylic acid, N-vinylimidazole, ethylene oxide, (N-substituted) acrylamide, vinyl pyridine, vinyl sulfonic acid, ethyl oxazoline, and phenol formaldehyde resins, the guest polymer being formed from certain monofunctional acrylic monomers and a difunctional cross-linking agent such as methylene bisacrylamide. The IPN is suitable as a gas separation membrane.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,600,754 discloses a process for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of epoxy resin. First, the epoxy resin is reacted with a source of phosphoric acid, and then the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized under free radical initiating conditions, a requirement being that at least one of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers is a carboxyl functional monomer.
In GB 1,159,821 a fire retardant impregnant composition is disclosed which comprises an epoxy ether, a curing agent therefor, and a neutral organophosphorus ester.
The invention has for its object to provide resins into which many conceivable phosphorus compounds may be incorporated without this giving serious drawbacks such as inhomogenity of the reaction mixtures or instability of the uncured product prior to prepreg production. Another object of the invention is providing favourable resins, particularly with regard to properties such as a low dielectric constant, a low electrical dissipation factor, a hig
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Buser Antonius Johannes Wilhelmus
Schutyser Jan Andre Jozef
Steenbergen Andre
Akzo Nobel N.V.
Fennelly Richard P.
Krass Frederick
Morris Louis A.
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