Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...
Patent
1998-05-27
2000-10-17
Criaries, Theodore J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...
514148, 514938, 514941, 514943, 514773, A01N 5726, A01N 5710, A01N 2500
Patent
active
061332496
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to methods of lubrication, and in particular, but not exclusively, to methods of lubrication of mammalian joints and other mammalian physiological articulations.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known that in mammals in general and particularly in man, synovial fluid acts to effectively lubricate the surfaces of bones that are in frictional contact to form joints, as well as lubricating other physiological articulations such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage or bones which move relative to other muscles, ligaments, tendons, cartilage or bones. For example, the synovial fluid is able to provide effective lubrication in joints such as the human knee, where the standing applied load is about 3 kg/cm.sup.2.
As will be recognised, man and other mammals are susceptible to the widespread and debilitating effects of osteoarthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Osteoarthritis is considered to be a disorder characterised by "wear and tear" of a joint which has often been mechanically abused. It is inherent in osteoarthritis that the lubrication system of the joint is compromised which results in degeneration of the joint such that it then becomes painful to move, especially under load. In many instances, if the patient restricts or stops using that joint as a result of the inherent pain, the disease process is exacerbated due to the further reduction in joint lubrication by synovial fluids. Other disorders are also characterised by reduced lubrication of joints or other physiological articulations such as situations where muscle, ligament, tendon, cartilage or bone moves relative to other muscle, ligament, tendon, cartilage or bone. Such disorders are often associated with over use or injuries, particularly sporting injuries. It is therefore desirable to develop a lubricant composition and method of utilising such a composition to improve the lubrication of joints and other physiological articulations in order to keep the joint or articulation mobile and reduce mechanical stress which often results in pain especially during movement.
It is desirable that such a lubricant and methods of lubrication would reduce the co-efficient of friction between movable surfaces in order to facilitate release of surfaces and initiate motion, reduce wear of articular surfaces as well as, in the case of bone/cartilage, rendering the surfaces hydrophobic and therefore less permeable to fluid to prevent hydration of cartilage (it is commonly found that there is increased hydration of articular cartilage in arthritis).
International Patent Application No. PCT/AU88/00322 advocates the use of a lubricant which comprises a phospholipid in combination with hyaluronic acid and optionally further pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or additives. It is noted however, that problems are associated with this prior art composition and its method of use as a joint lubricant. Some of these problems are (a) that hyaluronic acid is extracted and purified from birds, animals and other living organisms and for this reason it can include impurities which may result in an immunogenic or pyrogenic response; (b) hyaluronic acid per se initiates an appreciable inflammatory reaction in animal tissues; (c) there are limits to the capability of hyaluronic acid to carry phospholipids in reversible chemical association such that in order to introduce sufficient phospholipid levels into an animal joint or articulation in order to improve lubrication under load, it is necessary to administer a relatively large dose of the phospholipid/hyaluronic acid composition.
International Patent Publication No. PCT/AU91/00063 by the same applicants as the present application proposed an artificial tear composition comprising a phospholipid and optionally hyaluronic acid or a physiologically suitable salt thereof, in an opthalmically suitable carrier. It was disclosed that one possible carrier was propylene glycol. It was not considered at the time, however, that such a composition could be utilised for lu
REFERENCES:
patent: 4766015 (1988-08-01), Nikoloff et al.
Criaries Theodore J.
MacNaught Medical Pty Limited
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