Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Respiratory gas supply means enters mouth or tracheotomy...
Patent
1991-04-05
1993-11-09
Burr, Edgar S.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Respiratory gas supply means enters mouth or tracheotomy...
12820113, A62B 1808, A62B 902, A62B 906, A61M 1600
Patent
active
052593789
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to valves and respiratory aid devices which are placed in position on patients having undergone a tracheotomy.
This operation, which consists in opening the trachea in order to re-establish respiration, is indicated in the case of serious disease of the larynx, such as an oedema of the glottis or, for example, a serious chronic respiratory insufficiency by obstructive, restrictive or severe mixed syndrome.
After the trachea has been opened, a cannula, called tracheotomy cannula, is placed in position, through which the outside air can penetrate, thus ensuring pulmonary ventilation and aspiration of the bronchial mucosities.
The implantation of a tracheotomy cannula in the trachea of a patient generally does not allow the passage of the inhaled air in the direction of the upper respiratory tracts whose task is to ensure functioning of the vocal chords to allow the patient fitted with the apparatus to express phonemes.
PRIOR ART
To allow patients, in whose trachea a tracheotomy cannula is implanted, to conserve the possibility of expressing phonemes, it has already been proposed to dispose, at the outer end of the channel of the tracheotomy cannula, a valve including a non-return flap valve allowing the inhaled flow of air to penetrate in the trachea, whilst the exhaled air is blocked by the non-return valve inside the trachea and is thus conducted and forced towards the patient's vocal chords, insofar as the type of tracheotomy cannula allows this. Such prior devices are for example illustrated in application DE-U-8,701,414 which proposes mounting, inside an adapting piece added to the end of the tracheotomy cannula, a curved rigid flap valve elastically pre-stressed in abutment against an annular seat. Such an embodiment is delicate to produce, due in particular to the difficulty to adjust and maintain the curve and pre-stress of the flap valve at values allowing both normal respiration and phonation. Furthermore, such an embodiment does not allow connection to a forced oxygenation installation without removing the adapting piece comprising the flap valve.
In certain cases, it so happens that the haematosis function of tracheotomized patients spontaneously proves to be insufficient, this requiring the connection on the cannula of a source of additional oxygen ensuring forced oxygenation.
In such situations, the devices of the prior art have proved unsuitable for ensuring both the function of phonation and the function of forced oxygenation leading, in the case of connection of the oxygenation installation, to removing the non-return valve and replacing it by an adapter. The patient, who is then in a state of forced oxygenation, can no longer speak, which obviously presents a certain disadvantage for the patient and in particular involves particularly negative psychological consequences.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,683,931 is also known, which describes a rigid valve axially mobile inside the channel of an adapter and maintained in elastic abutment via a helical spring. Such an embodiment is also delicate to produce and the adjustment of the elasticity of the spring, which determines the reliability of the device, proves difficult. It is provided to connect the device to a source of fluid, of the nebulizer type, without forced oxygenation.
The object of the invention aims at producing a phonation and respiratory aid device for a patient having undergone a tracheotomy, not presenting the drawbacks of the prior art devices and enabling the patient to conserve the use of speech, whilst having the possibility of undergoing a forced oxygenation.
Another object of the invention aims at producing an oxygeno-phonation valve including a non-return flap valve whose functioning is particularly reliable and which may be replaced simply.
Another object of the invention is to propose a respiratory aid device comprising a tracheotomy cannula and an oxygeno-phonation valve ensuring, in complete safety and for a long-lasting period, the functions of oxygenation and phonation.
SUMMARY
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patent: 5042468 (1991-08-01), Lambert
Huchon Jean-Michel
Vannson Philippe
Asher Kimberly L.
Burr Edgar S.
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