Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Capsules
Reexamination Certificate
2005-05-24
2005-05-24
Spear, James M. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Capsules
C514S018700, C514S021800
Reexamination Certificate
active
06896899
ABSTRACT:
A method of increasing glutathione levels in mammalian cells comprising administering an oral bolus of encapsulated pharmaceutically stabilized glutathione in a rapidly dissolving formulation to a mammal on an empty stomach. Pharmaceutical formulations including glutathione are also disclosed.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4871528 (1989-10-01), Tognella et al.
patent: 5780440 (1998-07-01), Lezdey et al.
patent: 6586404 (2003-07-01), Demopolos et al.
Aruga, et al., “Kinetic studies on the decomposition of glutathione. I. Decomposition in solid state”, Chem. Pharm. Bull, 26:2081-91, 1978.
Aruga, et al., “Kinetic studies on decomposition of glutathione. II. Anaerobic decomposition in aqueous solution”, Chem. Pharm. Bull, 28:514-20, 1980.
Lash, et al., “Distribution of oxidized and reduced forms of glutathione and cysteine in rat plasma”, Arch. Biochem. Biophys, 240:583-92, 1985.
Meister, A., “Selective modification of glutathione metabolism”, Science 220: 472-477, 1983.
Meister, et al., “Glutathione”, Ann. Rev. Biochem, 72: 711-60, 1983.
Riley, et al., “A comparative study of the toxicity of chemically reactive xenobiotics . . . ”, J. Pharmacol. 45(4): 263-267, 1993.
Wierzbicka, et al., “Glutathione in food” J. Food Comp. Anal. 2:327-337, 1989.
Bravenboer, et al., “Potential use of glutathione for the prevention and treatment of diabetic neuropathy in the streptozocin-induced diabetic rat”, Diabetologia 35:813-17, 1992.
Cavaletti, et al., “Comparison of reduced glutathione with 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate to prevent cyclophosphamide-induced urotoxicity”, Cancer Letters 32:1, 1986.
Hamers, et al., “Reduced glutathione protects against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in rats”, Cancer Res. 53: 544-549, 1993.
Novi, et al., “Glutathione and aflatoxin B1-induced liver tumors: . . . ”, Ann. NY Acad. XCI., 397:62-71, 1982.
Skoulis, et al., “Depression of hepatic glutathione by opioid analgesic drugs in mice”, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 99:139-47, 1989.
Villani, et al., “Prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by reduced glutathions”, Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 28:365-369, 1991.
Wagner, et al., “Lack of effect of long-term glutathione administration on aflatoxin B1-induced hepatome in male rats”, Chem. Biol. Interactions, 53:57-68, 1985.
Yoda, et al., “Prevention of Doxorubicin myocardial toxicity in mice by reduced glutathione”, Cancer Research, 46:2551, 1986.
Droge, et al., Glutathione augments the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vivo, Immunobiol, 172:151-156, 1986.
Furukawa, et al., “Reversal of age-associated decline in immune responsiveness by dietary glutathione supplementation in mice”, Mech. Ageing Dev. 38:107-117, 1987.
Franklin, et al., “Glutathione augments in vitro proliferative responses of lymphocytes to concanavalin A to a greater degree in old than in young rats”, J. Nutr. 120:1710-17, 1990.
Kavanaugh, et al., “Proliferative capacity of human peripheral lymphocytes sorted on the basis of glutathione content”, J. Cell. Physiol. 145:472-80, 1990.
Robinson, et al., “Glutathione depletion in rats impairs T-cell and macrophage immune function”, Arch. Surg. 128:29-35, 1993.
Suthanthiran, et al., “Glutathione regulates activation-dependent DNA synthesis . . . ”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:3343-3347, 1990.
Schreck, et al., “Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation ofthe NF-kappa B . . . ” EMBO J 10:2247-2258 (1991).
Arpadi, et al., Glutathione deficiency in HIV-1-infected children with growth failure (submitted for publication).
Baruchel, et al., “The role of oxidative stress in disease progression in individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus”, J. Leukocyte Biol. 52:111-114, 1992.
Buhl, et al., “Systemic glutathione deficiency in symptom-free HIV-seropositive individuals”, Lancet ii:1294-1298, 1989.
Droge, et al., “HIV-induced cysteine deficiency and T-cell dysfunction-a rationale for treatment with N-acetylcysteine”, Immunol. Today 13:211-4, 1992.
Eck, et al., “Low concentrations of acid-soluble thiol (cysteine) in the blood plasma of H1V-1-infected patients”, Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 370:101-108, 1989.
Fauci, A.S., “Multifactorial nature of human imrnunodeficiency virus disease: Implications for therapy”, Science 262:1011-1018, 1993.
Foley, et al., HIV infection of monocytes inhibits the T-lymphocyte proliferative response to recall antigens via productions of eicosanoids, Immunology 75:391-97, 1992.
Hasan, et al., “Stimulation of human T-cell clone with anti-CD3 or tumor necrosis factor induces NfkB . . . ”, Proc. Natl. ACAD. XCI, 87:7861-65, 1990.
Ho, et al., Glutathione and N-acetylcysteine suppression of human immunodeficiency virus replication . . . , AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 8:1249-53, 1992.
Israel, et al., “Redox status of cells influences constitutive or induced NF?B translocation . . . ”, J. Immunol 149:3386-93, 1992.
Kalebic, et al., “Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected monocytic cells . . . ”, Proc. Natl. Acad. XCI. USA 87:986-990, 1991.
Le Grand-Poels, et al., “Activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by oxidative stress”, AIDS Res. Hum. Retrov. 6:1389-97, 1990.
Mihm, et al., Inhibition of H1V-1 replication and NF-kb activity by cysteine and cysteine derivatives, AIDS 5:497-503, 1991.
National Institutes of Health, Dr. Howard C. Greenspan, Chairman of Conference on Free Radicals and Antioxidants in HIV/AIDS, Nov. 12-13, 1993/Greenspan, H.C. The role of reactive oxygen species, antioxidants and phytopharmaceuticals in human immunodeficiency virus activity, Med-Hypotheses 40:85-92, 1993.
Roederer, et al., “N-acetylcysteine inhibits latent HIV expression in chronically infected cells”, AIDS Res. Human Retrovir. 7:(6) 563-567, 1991.
Roederer, et al., “CD4 and CD8 T cells with high intracellular glutathione levels are selectively lost as the HIV infection progresses”, Internat. Immunol. 3:933-37, 1991.
Roederer, et al., Cytokine-stimulated human immunodeficiency virus replication is inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 87:4884-4888, 1990.
Staal, et al., “Intracellular thiols regulate activation of nuclear factor kapp-B . . . ”, Proc. Natl. Acad. SCI USA 87:9943-9947, 1990.
Staal, et al., “Glutathione deficiency and human immunodeficiency virus infection”, Lancet 339:909-12, 1992.
Staal, et al., “Intracellular glutathione levels in T cell subsets decrease in HIV-infected individuals”, AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 8:305-11, 1992.
Staal, et al., “Antioxidants inhibit stimulation of HIV transcription”, AIDS Res. Hum. Retrov. 9:299-306, 1993.
Wahl, et al., “Human immunodeficiency virus glycoprotein (gp120) induction of monocyte arachidonic acid metabolites . . . ”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 86:621-625, 1989.
Ceriello, et al., “Anti-oxidants show an anti-hypertensive effect in diabetic and hypertensive subjects”, Clin. Sci. 81:739-742, 1991.
Paolisso, et al., “Glutathione infusion potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion in aged patients with impaired glucose tolerance”, Diabetes Care 15:1-7, 1992.
Sen, et al., “Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription”, FASEB J. 10, 709-720 1996.
Makino, et al., Cross-Talk between Endocrine Control of Stress Response and Cellular Antioxidant Defense System, Thioredoxin is a Redox-Regulating Cellular Cofactor for Glucocorticoid Hormone Action (Poster), Proceedings of 3rd Internet World Congress on Biomedical Sciences, 1996.12.9-20 Riken, Tsukuba, Japan.
Kuehl, et al., “Studies on a destructive oxidant released in the enzymati
Demopolos Harry B.
Seligman Myron L.
Antioxidant Pharmaceuticals Corp.
Milde & Hoffberg LLP
Spear James M.
LandOfFree
Pharmaceutical preparations of glutathione and methods of... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Pharmaceutical preparations of glutathione and methods of..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Pharmaceutical preparations of glutathione and methods of... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3403202