Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Inorganic active ingredient containing – Phosphorus or phosphorus compound
Patent
1996-03-08
2000-05-30
Jones, Dwayne C.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Inorganic active ingredient containing
Phosphorus or phosphorus compound
514178, A01N 5926
Patent
active
060688602
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for topical administration comprising foscarnet in combination with an antiinflammatory agent in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The composition can be used in the prophylactic and curative treatment of infections caused by herpesvirus and other viruses replicating in the skin, as well as on other cutaneous lesions on which the combination of foscarnet and antiinflammatory agent has an effect.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Herpesvirus infections in humans can be caused by different human herpesviruses, the most common being herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. There are also many animal herpesviruses.
Following a primary infection with herpes simplex virus or varicella-zoster virus, the virus establishes latency in the sensory nerve cells for the rest of the patient's life and can subsequently be reactivated repeatedly. Following a reactivation in the nerve cell, the virus is transported through the nerves to the skin and subsequently a lesion develops. One characteristic of herpesvirus infection is the inflammation which follows immediately upon an outbreak of virus replication. The inflammation contributes to all symptoms associated with herpesvirus recurrence including redness, swelling, itching and pain as well as lesions.
Herpes simplex viruses can be divided into two serotypes, HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), the clinical manifestations of which range from benign self-limiting orofacial and genital infections to potentially life threatening conditions such as encephalitis and generalized neonatal infections.
Oral-facial HSV infections are primarily caused by HSV-1. Following a primary infection in childhood the virus becomes latent. After reactivation a recurrent oral-facial HSV infection develops, which is more commonly known as a cold sore. About half of the patients experience prodromal symptoms such as pain, burning or itching at the site of the subsequent lesions. The condition is generally rapidly self-limiting and a typical episode will heal in around 10 days from the first symptoms. Viral replication in the lip is initiated early and maximum virus load is attained 24 hours after the onset of the reactivation. The virus concentration is then dramatically reduced and typically virus cannot be isolated 70-80 hours after the onset.
The clinical presentation of genital HSV infections is similar to the oral-facial infections with some important exceptions. Genital HSV infections are most often caused by HSV-2 and following the primary infection the virus will latently infect sensory or autonomic ganglions. Reactivation will produce the local recurrent lesions on or near the genitals that are characteristic of the herpes infection.
A primary infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chicken-pox. Like HSV, VZV becomes latent following the primary infection and can be activated as herpes zoster later on in life. Zoster usually results in skin rash and intensive acute pain. In 30% of the patients, the pain can be prolonged and continue for weeks or months after the rash has cleared up.
HSV and VZV may, in addition to mucous or cutaneous manifestations, also cause keratitis in the eyes. This condition is also recurrent and may cause blindness.
There are a number of antiviral agents which are active against the human herpesviruses. There has, however, so far been limited clinical success in the treatment of recurrent herpesvirus infections.
Foscarnet, the hexahydrate of the trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid or sodium phosphonoformate hexahydrate, is a well-known antiviral agent with a broad antiviral spectrum, acting by direct inhibition of viral DNA polymerase in herpes viruses and of viral reverse transcriptase in retroviruses. Foscarnet has been approved for clinical use for systemic, that is intravenous, treatment of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. A side-effect of said treatment is a renal function impairment as well as other symptoms which can be tolerated in the treatment
REFERENCES:
patent: 4512978 (1985-04-01), Inwood
patent: 4610868 (1986-09-01), Fountain et al.
patent: 5227165 (1993-07-01), Domb et al.
The Merk Index, 10th Edition, p. 607, entry 4135, Apr. 24, 1984.
Jocam, U.E.; Load--Liposomen topisch appliziert, Pharmaceutische Zeitung Nr. 33, Aug. 13, 1992.
Schreier, H.; Liposomes and iosomes as topical drug carriers: dermal and transdermal drug delivery, Journal of Controlled Release 30 (1994), 1-15.
Spruance, S.L.; Topical therapy of Mucocutaneous Herpesvirus Infections, International Antiviral News, Jun. 1994.
Alenius, S, et al; Therapeutic Effects of Foscarnet Sodium and Acyclovir on Cutaneous Infections Due Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Guinea Pigs, J. Inf. Dis. 1982, vol. 145, No. 4, Apr. 1982.
The Human Herpesviruses, ed. Roizman et al. 1993, Whitely Richard et al.; The Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections.
Kristofferson, A. et al.; Limited Efficacy of Inhibitors of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA Synthesis in Murine Models of Recrudescent Disease, J. Gen. Virol. (1988), 69, 1157-1166.
From Chemical Abstracts, vol. 112, No. 4; Loftsson, T.; Effect of choline esters and oleic acid on the penetration of acyclovir, estradiol, hydrocortisone, nitroglycerin, retinoic acid and trifluorothymidine across hairless mouse skin in vitro, Acta Pharm. Nord. (1989), 1(5), 279-86.
From Chemical Abstracts, vol. 112, No. 4, (Dissertation): Choi, Hoo Kyun; Enhanced transdermal delivery of propanolol, hydrocortisone, acyclovir and peptide-type drugs.
Foley: Permeability of liposomes composed of binary mixtures of MGDG and DGDG, Biochem. Ciophys. Acta 959 (1988).
Biosynthesis and function of plant lipids, ed. Thompson et al.; Sprague, S., et al; Bilayer and non-bilayer configurations of mixtures of isolated chloroplast membrane lipids.
Carlsson Anders Nils-Erik
Harmenberg Johan Georg
Herslof Bengt Goran
Kristofferson Ann Harriet Margareta
Lundquist Stefan Karl
Astra Aktiebolag
Jones Dwayne C.
LandOfFree
Pharmaceutical formulation does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Pharmaceutical formulation, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Pharmaceutical formulation will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1908280