Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Peptide containing doai
Patent
1996-03-15
1998-11-10
Kight, John
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Peptide containing doai
514 8, 514 22, 514 55, 514 56, 536 2, 536 172, 536123, 5361231, A61K 3170, A61K 31725, A61K 3173, A61K 3802
Patent
active
058344233
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/JP95/01415, filed Jul. 14, 1995.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing sialic acid derivatives and methods for producing sialic acid derivatives from avian egg yolk.
BACKGROUND ART
Much effort has been made to develop therapeutic/prophylactic agents for viral diseases, but thus far no effective antiviral agents against certain viruses have been developed. Influenza, caused by influenza virus, in particular, threatens people all over the world, because it becomes prevalent on a global scale once in several years, resulting in a large number of victims. However, it is very difficult to develop an effective drug against influenza virus, because its antigen shows high variability.
Rotavirus, a virus that causes severe diarrheal diseases in humans and other animals, is highly infectious to infants during the lactation period, causing many deaths owing to low levels of medical technology and equipment in developing countries. It also causes vast damage to the livestock industry. Nevertheless, there have been no effective prophylactic/therapeutic methods for diseases associated with rotavirus.
Herpesvirus causes diseases of various symptoms, including chronic herpes, in humans and other animals, but there have been no well-established radical methods for preventing or treating such diseases, partially due to latent infection.
Newcastle disease virus causes Newcastle disease, a fatal infectious disease of birds, causing significant damage to a large number of poultry farms. Although some prophylactic measures by vaccination have been taken, complete prophylaxis cannot be achieved. In addition, Newcastle disease is rapidly communicable and gives a constant threat of infection with foreign viruses in the poultry industry.
Diarrheal diseases can be roughly divided into two types: Infectious diarrhea caused by viruses, bacteria, etc., and non-infectious diarrhea caused by stress etc. However, it is difficult to determine the cause of each diarrheal disease. Infectious diarrhea in human infants is thought to be caused mainly by rotavirus, and rotaviral diarrhea is said to cause more than one million infantile deaths in developing countries every year. As stated above, however, there are diarrheal diseases caused by other viruses, or by bacteria or stress, and the onset of most diarrheal diseases involves complex association with such multiple causes. Therefore, in order to effectively prevent or treat diarrhea, a means that exerts its effect on the multiple causes are needed. In livestock and poultry as well, diarrheal diseases during the nursing period account for high morbidity and high lethality, and have caused great damage to the livestock and poultry industries. Most of these diarrheal diseases appear to be caused by multiple causes. However, no prophylactic/therapeutic methods are effective for diarrheal diseases caused by multiple factors.
Sialyloligosaccharides occur naturally as oligosaccharide chains in glycoprotein molecules, oligosaccharide chains in gangliosides, and oligosaccharide peptides or oligosaccharide chains released from glycoproteins or gangliosides.
As sialyloligosaccharides found in avian egg yolk, those bound to the Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 145, 693-700!.
In recent years, many studies have elucidated the biological significance of sialyloligosaccharides. Sialyloligosaccharides bound to glycoproteins are involved in various aspects of protein molecules, including the retention of tertiary structure, increased resistance to proteases, half-life in blood, intermolecular interaction, and increased solubility. They also affect intercellular recognition, cell differentiation, etc. as an important component of gangliosides, playing roles as a receptor for various cytotoxins, neurotransmitters, hormones, interferons, viruses, etc. Sialyloligosaccharides play a significant role in the initial stage of inflammation (sialyl Lewis-X antigen involvement), ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori and influenza virus infect
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Enoki Yuko
Juneja Lekh Raj
Kawanami Hiroshi
Koketsu Mamoru
Nishizono Masakazu
Kight John
M. Mach D. Margaret
Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.
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