Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-21
2001-05-01
Reamer, James H. (Department: 1614)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...
C514S383000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06225319
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to fungicidal mixtures having synergistically enhanced action and to methods of using such mixtures in crop protection, especially in the control and prevention of disease infestation on seed.
The mixtures according to the invention comprise at least two fungicidally active components together with a suitable carrier material, wherein component I is
I) difenoconazole (=cis,trans-3chloro-4-[4-methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]phenyl 4-chlorophenyl ether; The Pesticide Manual, 10th. edition, 1994, 221); and wherein component II is
IIA) fluquinconazole (=3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one; The Pesticide Manual, 10th. edition, 1994, 338) or
IIB) 4,5-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-2-(trimethylsilyl)-3-thiophencarboxamid (Proceedings Brighton Conf. 1998, p.343, MON65500).
The active ingredient mixtures I+II according to the invention have very advantageous properties for protecting plants against disease infestation, especially in the control and prevention of disease infestation on seed.
The synergistically enhanced action of mixtures of components I and II manifests itself, for example, in lower disease infestation, lower rates of application, a longer duration of action and altogether higher crop yields. Such enhancements were not to be expected from the sum of the actions of the individual components.
The weight ratio is selected as to give a synergistic action. In general, the weight ratio I:II is from 100:1 to 1:100.
Advantageous mixing ratios of the two active ingredients are
I:IIA=1:10 to 10:1, preferably 1:5 to 5:1; or
I:IIB=1:10 to 10:1, preferably 1:5 to 5:1, most preferably 1:2 to 2:1.
The above mentioned mixtures may be mixed with other pesticides, preferably fungicides, resulting in some cases in unexpected synergistic activities.
The active ingredient mixtures in question can be used to inhibit or destroy the microorganisms which occur on plants or on parts of plants (the fruit, blossom, leaves, stems, tubers or roots) of different crops of useful plants, while at the same time parts of plants that grow later are also protected against such microorganisms. They can also be used as dressings in the treatment of plant propagation material, especially seed (fruit, tubers, grains) and plant cuttings (e.g. rice), to provide protection against fungus infections as well as against phytopathogenic fungi which occur in the soil. The active ingredient mixtures according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that they are especially well tolerated by plants and are environmentally friendly.
The active ingredient mixtures are effective against phytopathogenic fungi belonging to the following classes: Ascomycetes (e.g. Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Mycosphaerella, Uncinula,
Gaeumannomyces graminis
); Basidiomycetes (e.g. the genus Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Puccinia);
Fungi imperfecti
(e.g. Botrytis, Helminthosporium, Rhynchosporium, Fusarium, Septoria, Cercospora, Alternaria, Pyricularia and
Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides
); Oomycetes (e.g. Phytophthora, Peronospora, Bremia, Pythium, Plasmopara).
Target crops for the areas of indication disclosed herein comprise within the scope of this invention e.g. the following species of plants: cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, sorghum and related crops); beet (sugar beet and fodder beet); pomes, stone fruit and soft fruit (apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries and blackberries); leguminous plants (beans, lentils, peas, soybeans); oil plants (rape, mustard, poppy, olives, sunflowers, coconut, castor oil plants, cocoa beans, groundnuts); cucumber plants (marrows, cucumbers, melons); fiber plants (cotton, flax, hemp, jute); citrus fruit (oranges, lemons, grapefruit, mandarins); vegetables (spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, paprika); lauraceae (avocados, cinnamon, camphor); or plants such as maize, tobacco, nuts, coffee, sugar cane, tea, vines, hops, bananas and natural rubber plants, as well as ornamentals (flowers, shrubs, broad-leaved trees and evergreens, such as conifers). This list does not represent any limitation.
The active ingredient mixtures according to the invention are especially advantageous for seed treatment of cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, sorghum and related crops), in particular seed of wheat and barley.
The mixtures of compounds of formulae I and II are normally used in the form of compositions. The compounds of formulae I and II can be applied to the area or plant to be treated either simultaneously or in succession on the same day, if desired together with further carriers, surfactants or other application-promoting adjuvants customarily employed in formulation technology.
Suitable carriers and adjuvants can be solid or liquid and are the substances ordinarily employed in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, thickeners, binders or fertilizers.
A method of applying an active ingredient mixture comprising at least one of each of the active ingredients I and II is application to the parts of the plants that are above the soil, especially to the leaves (foliar application). The frequency and rate of application depend upon the biological and climatic living conditions of the pathogen. The active ingredients can, however, also penetrate the plant through the roots via the soil or via the water (systemic action) if the locus of the plant is impregnated with a liquid formulation (e.g. in rice culture) or if the substances are introduced in solid form into the soil, e.g. in the form of granules (soil application). In order to treat seed, the compounds of formulae I and II can also be applied to the seeds (coating), either by impregnating the tubers or grains with a liquid formulation of each of the active ingredients in succession, or by coating them with an already combined wet or dry formulation. In addition, in special cases, other methods of application to plants are possible, for example treatment directed at the buds or the fruit trusses.
The compounds of the combination are used in unmodified form or, preferably, together with the adjuvants conventionally employed in formulation technology, and are therefore formulated in known manner e.g. into emulsifiable concentrates, coatable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts, granules, or by encapsulation in e.g. polymer substances. As with the nature of the compositions, the methods of application, such as spraying, atomizing, dusting, scattering, coating or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances. Advantageous rates of application of the active ingredient mixture are generally from 50 g to 2 kg a.i./ha, especially from 100 g to 1000 g a.i./ha, more especially from 250 g to 700 g a.i./ha. In the case of the treatment of seed, the rates of application are from 0.5 g to 500 g, preferably from 1 g to 100 g, most preferably from 5 g to 50 g a.i. per 100 kg of seed.
The formulations are prepared in known manner, e.g. by homogeneously mixing and/or grinding the active ingredients with extenders, e.g. solvents, solid carriers and, where appropriate, surface-active compounds (surfactants).
Suitable solvents are: aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms, e.g. xylene mixtures or substituted naphthalenes, phthalates, such as dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl phthalate, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, alcohols and glycols and their ethers and esters, such as ethanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, ketones, such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide, as well as vegetable oils or epoxidised vegetable oils, such as epoxidised coconut oil or soybean oil; or water.
T
Reamer James H.
Syngenta Crop Protection Inc.
Teoli, Jr. William A.
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