Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Dry dye composition other than mere mixture of two or more...
Patent
1985-08-01
1988-08-09
Clingman, A. Lionel
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Dry dye composition other than mere mixture of two or more...
8526, 8552, 8580, C09B 6742, C09C 308, C09K 322
Patent
active
047625236
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
In the field of pigments and dyes, there are increasing attempts being made to produce dust-free and non-dusting preparations, which do not emit dust while being processed. Such non-dusting preparations are particularly desirable so as to avoid color contamination when various products are handled, and they also make accurate apportioning possible. Dust losses are avoided, and because it is cleaner and safer to work with such preparations, the health risk involved in working with toxic pigments and dyes is also reduced.
The safest procedure is to use paste preparations, adding enough of such additives as surface-active substances and solvents as to attain a non-dusting, pasty state. The agents required for a particular application, such as dispersing agents, anti-settling agents and binders, are often also incorporated at the same time. In such pastes, the pigment concentration depends on the fineness and texture of the given pigment as well as on the amount of binder it requires and may be between approximately 30 and 90%. In producing the pigment pastes, the starting material is dried pigment, which is mixed with the various components.
The disadvantage of the pigment pastes is that they are difficult to apportion, and they necessitate careful cleaning of the packing drum.
The object of the present invention is to produce non-dusting pigment and dye preparations which are nevertheless flowable and thereby enable simple apportioning and weighing and which maintain this state permanently.
Quite a number of methods are already known. According to German patent application DE-OS No. 27 23 921, the tendency of metal chromates to produce dust is suppressed by adding a combination of phthalic and terephthalic acid esters and esters of fatty acids, along with surface-active substances, to an aqueous suspension of pigment and drying it after filtration. Such preparations produce less dust, but they are not premanently non-dusting. A product produced according to Example 1 of the above patent application yielded a dust production value of 83 mg/100 g, as measured with the Heubach dust-production measuring device. Further methods and agents are disclosed in German patent applications DE-OS No. 29 31 771 and DE-OS No. 25 23 096, U.S. Pat. No. 3,560,134, European patent application EU-OS No. 0056 160 and German patent application DE-OS No. 28 41 566.
The subject of the present invention is permanently non-dusting pigment and dye preparations, which in addition to from 75 to 97.5% pigment contain a surface-active substance in an amount from 0.5 to 10% and from 2 to 25% of an agent which was the pigment when intensive shear stress is applied (i.e., causes the dried, homogeneous mixture of pigment or dye and surface-active substance to reach the wet point, also referred to herein as the smear point). Any surface-acitve agent suitable for the particular pigment or dye type used and for the intended later application can be used as the surface-active substance; examples include ionic or nonionic agents available on the market. However, a long-chain polyester of the "highly effective dispersing agent" type is particularly preferred, in particular a polyester produced by homopolymerization of a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic .omega.-hydroxycarboxylic acid with at least 4 carbon atoms between the hydroxy group and the carboxy group and a total of at least 9 carbon atoms including the carboxy group, or by polymerizing a mixture of a hydroxycarboxylic acid of this kind and a carboxylic acid lacking hydroxy groups, in particular one having up to 20 carbon atoms.
Among these suitable polyesters are those described in German patent application DE-OS No. 21 62 484, which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
What is essential here is that the surface-active substance is not applied to the dry pigment, nor has the pigment already been dried; instead, the still-moist pigment, as it comes from the production process, is treated with the surface-active substance, because otherwise the desired surface propert
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Adrian Gerhard
Gawol Manfred
Clingman A. Lionel
Dr. Hans Heubach GmbH & Co. KG
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