Perfume compositions – Perfume compositions
Patent
1996-12-24
1998-04-07
Reamer, James H.
Perfume compositions
Perfume compositions
512 4, 252108, 25217411, A61K 746
Patent
active
057365040
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This application claims benefit of international application PCT/EP95/00556, filed Feb. 15, 1995.
The present invention relates to a perfume or fragrance composition to be incorporated into translucent or transparent soaps, as well as to a process for preparing a perfumed, translucent or transparent soap, and to translucent or transparent soap noodles or tablets thus obtained.
Transparent and translucent soaps have an aesthetic appeal to the consumer and have been associated with purity and hence with "naturalness". The essential difference between transparent and translucent soap is related to the relative quality of the light transmitted. By "transparent" is understood having the property of transmitting light without appreciable scattering, so that objects placed behind a transparent soap bar are entirely visible and can easily be discerned.
By "translucent" is understood having the property of allowing light to pass through partially or diffusely so that objects placed behind a translucent soap bar cannot clearly be distinguished (therefore also called partly transparent or semi-transparent).
In the present specification and the attached claims the translucency is evaluated by measuring the light transmission of a slice of soap having a thickness of 18.5 mm before and after the preparation according to the present invention, using a reflectometer according to Dr B. Lange, Type LMG 008. The result is expressed as a percentage of the light transmission of a matted glass standard. The transmission of the glass standard compared to air is 8.3% and this transmission of the standard is taken as 100%.
Although for coloured soap there is some dependence on the colour, this difference can be neglected for non-coloured soap bars or tablets.
There are two basic manufacturing methods for making translucent and/or transparent soaps, the one route is called the "solvent method" and the other the "mechnical working" method.
In the "solvent method", a dried conventional type of toilet soap in solid form is dissolved in boiling ethanol, or the saponification is effected in an ethanol-water mixture. If a clear solution is obtained, the major part of the ethanol is removed by evaporation to form a clear, viscous soap solution. This is poured into moulds and cooled. The solidified soap is pressed out into the desired shape and is placed for many weeks in conditioning rooms. During conditioning more water and alcohol is evaporated and consequently the final product becomes firm. The disadvantages of this process are the long duration of the process and all the disadvantages of working with volatile and toxic solvents, which also from an ecological point of view is disadvantageous.
Another method used is the so-called "semi-boiled" process, in which a suitable blend of fatty materials is reacted with a strong solution of sodium hydroxide in a closed mixing vessel. Only water vapour is allowed to escape and upon completion of the saponification process, the liberated glycerol is retained in the final soap. After addition of the required other ingredients, the final warm and viscous soap solution is poured into moulds for rapid cooling, which enhances transparency. Hereafter the products are shaped (stamped) and packaged.
The "mechanical working" methods involve some sort of intensive mechanical working or shearing of a cooled and partially dried soap base. It is usual to add effective amounts of crystallization inhibitors to the liquid soap before drying in order to enhance translucency. Translucency is only achieved after mechanical working or shearing to a considerable degree, e.g. by mixing in a Z-blade mixer, or by multiple milling using 3, 4 or 5-rolled steel mills, or by using a cavity transfer mixer. Such processes have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,970,116 (Lever Brothers Company) and European Patent Specification EP-B-0,090,649 (Unilever). Another method is the use of "super" refiners, where the partially translucent soap is forced through a series of fine perforated plates or sieves
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Patent Abstract of Japan, vol. 16, No. 13, (C-0901) Jan. 14, 1992, & JP,A,03 234797, Oct. 18, 1991 (see abstract).
Duan Xiao Guang
Dumas Eric Jacques P. C.
Helmond Johannes
Reamer James H.
Unichema Chemie B.V.
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