Static molds – In situ construction engineering type or building type-mold... – Forming building structure
Reexamination Certificate
1998-09-10
2001-02-20
Safavi, Michael (Department: 3635)
Static molds
In situ construction engineering type or building type-mold...
Forming building structure
C052S376000, C052S749100, C052S749100, C249S210000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06189854
ABSTRACT:
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers to horizontal formwork, of the type used for obtaining wrought iron, in which there must be a perfectly plane surface for laying the mass of concrete. The formwork is structured on the basis of a series of parallel beams forming two substrates, one lower and the other upper, arranged transversely to each other, the lower beams being supported on struts.
The object of the invention is to provide a formwork structure by means of which maximum rigidity or structural strength is achieved with minimum weight, so as to allow easy handling of the beams that form part of the formwork. It is also an object of the invention to provide a simple structure, based on simplicity and a minimum number of parts that make it up.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The Spanish invention patent with application number 9602019, of the same applicant, describes a horizontal formwork made up, as is conventional, of a lower substrate of beams supported on struts and an upper substrate of beams perpendicular to the foregoing, complemented finally by upper panels that constitute the formwork surface.
On the basis of these characteristics, in the said invention patent, in order to achieve high flexion strength in the beams, the latter are made of metallic plate and with a special design that gives rise to a reduction of weight in comparison to conventional beams.
Specifically, the said invention patent claims the fact that the beams of the lower substrate are made from a thin steel plate and form in their upper part the classic channelling for holding the also classic wooden strip, while in their lower part they have connection cylinders, both in their end areas and at the intermediate points where they are to be supported on struts. In the latter case they are to be coupled by means of tongue and groove inside the said struts, and at the ends they are to be coupled to intermediate joining parts which, with a general “U” shape, are able to receive in their interior the ends of two adjoining beams, having for this purpose lateral is holes for coupling the connection cylinders of the said beams, while in the middle they have another connection cylinder, projecting downwards, for coupling the corresponding strut.
For their part, the beams of the upper substrate are made up of a structure relatively similar to that of the beams of the lower substrate, but without connection cylinders. The beams of the upper substrate have a great profusion of orifices in their side walls, which give rise to a substantial lightening of material; some of these orifices, rectangular in shape, are obtained by stamping out and pressing, defining wings that project perpendicularly towards the inside of the beam, which make the structure of the same considerably more rigid.
In spite of the fact that the horizontal formwork obtained in accordance with what is described and claimed in the said Spanish invention patent No. 9602019, effectively fulfills the objectives for which it was conceived, nevertheless when the beams are subjected to very great stresses they may undergo warping, which may cause them to open.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The formwork of the invention, based on the type of formwork described in the foregoing section, has structural characteristics in respect of the beams and the means of support on the struts that allow a system to be obtained that has a great capacity for withstanding stresses. Moreover, the beams lack the connection parts of the previous version, because support of the beams of the upper substrate is effected directly upon the beams of the lower substrate, and these in turn on bidirectional heads attached to the struts themselves.
More specifically, the type of beam used in the formwork of the invention has in its upper part the corresponding channelling for holding the wooden strip that will allow the beams of the upper substrate to be fixed, with the peculiarity that the body of this beam is made up of a trapezoidal profile section which, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, has a fold in its upper part that coincides with the base of the channelling, giving the beam great strength. In a variant of the embodiment, the beam lacks this upper reinforcement fold, but in its place it has a series of vertical ridges of great size that correspond with the sides of the beam's body, and also ridges of smaller width arranged longitudinally in the channelling that receives the wooden strips.
In any case, the beam is finished at both ends with covers made of metal plates welded to the perimeter of the beam, which have a dual function:
1.— To prevent foreign material, cement and other aterial, from entering the beam, which would unnecessarily ncrease its weight.
2.— To provide the beam unit with greater rigidity.
It should be noted that in the central area of its supporting base the beam has a slight hollow or curvature to ensure that it supports through its ends and consequently has a good seating.
As regards the fixing of the wooden strip in the corresponding upper channelling of the beam, this is conveniently effected by means of nails or screws that laterally pierce the corresponding channelling.
As is clear, and has been said hereinbefore, the beams of the upper substrate are supported directly upon the beams of the lower substrate, while the latter are supported upon the struts through bidirectional heads that have a single cylindrical connector projecting downwards and which fits inside the upper end of the struts. This cylindrical connector may even have an external screw thread for better fixing inside the struts.
The bidirectional heads, made from a quadrangular plate, with the cylindrical connector emerging from the center of its lower side, have pairs of wings projecting vertically upwards on two opposite sides. These wings are arranged at the ends of the said sides and are provided so as to prevent the movement of the beams, which must support exactly upon the bidirectional heads.
The separation between the wings on both sides of the head is such that it allows two contiguous beams to be upported, and these overlap each other to make a zig-zag arrangement, in such a way that the wings are oriented lengthwise to the direction of the beams and the latter are immobilized laterally by the said wings of the bidirectional head. However, if the head is situated with a 90° shift from the position mentioned hereinbefore, then it constitutes an intermediate support for the beam, in which case the beam remains between the inner edges of the wings of the head, these inner edges being those that immobilize the beam to prevent its lateral movement.
Although throughout the present description it has been indicated that the beams are intended to be supported upon struts, the interposition of the bidirectional heads referred to hereinbefore means that they may also be used when they are supported on a scaffold, and may even be used in projections, which are generally shaped by means of a tubular structure called a “French hand”.
REFERENCES:
patent: 1350544 (1920-08-01), Brown
patent: 1523106 (1925-01-01), Dornier
patent: 3322448 (1967-05-01), Rolland
patent: 3332179 (1967-07-01), Toti
patent: 3899857 (1975-08-01), Mochizuki
patent: 4144690 (1979-03-01), Avery
patent: 4831797 (1989-05-01), Vladikovic
patent: 5417028 (1995-05-01), Meyer
patent: 5605239 (1997-02-01), De Voursney et al.
Ladas & Parry
Safavi Michael
Ulma CYE, S. Coop
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