Tool driving or impacting – Impacting devices – Impact transmitting anvil
Patent
1988-08-24
1989-12-05
Yost, Frank T.
Tool driving or impacting
Impacting devices
Impact transmitting anvil
173134, 173133, 92 85B, B23B 4516
Patent
active
048846422
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to power pulse systems intended to generate power pulses of desired frequency and intensity and act on a solid medium with the aim of shape changing, and more particularly to percussive action devices for producing high power impact pulses.
This invention can find application in mining, for example, in machines for working drifts in hard rock formations, and in machines for crushing outsize rocks in open pits and mouths of grinders.
The machine according to the invention can also be used in metallurgy for initially crushing raw materials, intermediate products, and industrial refuse.
Other alternative applications include civil engineering, such as in machines for demolishing foundations and walls of old buildings, crushing reject products at concrete plants, ripping up concrete road pavings, preparing rocky beds of dams or other water-works, and elsewhere.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There is known a percussive action machine (cf., U.S. Pat. No. 4,343,368, Int. Cl. B 25 D 9/04, published Oct. 8, 1982) for producing impact pulses to crush solid objects comprising a housing, a hammer with a tail piece, a power cylinder accommodating the tail piece of the hammer and filled with a compressed gas, a mechanism for reversing the movement of the hammer, and a means for decelerating the travel of the hammer as it executes an idle stroke including a cavity inside the housing opening at one side toward the interior of the power cylinder, and a cylindrical body having piston and annular projections and disposed inside said cavity for reciprocations therein. Part of the cavity confined between the annular and piston projections forms a hammer deceleration chamber, and is filled with a non-compressible liquid; inner surfaces of the housing defining the deceleration chamber have an annular flow restricting projection, whereas the surface of the cylindrical body between such projections has a special configuration providing continuity of the deceleration force acting on the hammer. The other part of said cavity confined by the piston projection of the cylindrical body is filled with the compressed gas and forms a return stroke chamber.
The return and work strokes of the hammer are accompanied by additional compression of the gas present in the power cylinder to store potential energy, whereas at the end of the return stroke the hammer is released from the return stroke mechanism, and under the action of the compressed gas exerted on the end face of the tail piece the hammer accelerates to execute a work stroke, after which the hammer again engages with the return stroke mechanism, and the hammer moves in the reverse direction. During an idle stroke, that is when the hammer at the end of the work stroke fails to meet a solid object to be crushed, or fails to expend all its energy to change the shape of this object, the hammer deceleration means is brought into action. Therewith, the hammer is caused to engage with the cylindrical body to move it forward, whereby the flow of liquid in the hammer deceleration chamber through a clearance between the annular projection and shaped surface of the cylindrical body is restricted, and the energy of the hammer is transformed to heat energy of the liquid to be dissipated.
The machine is provided with a hammer deceleration means, which effectively damps the residual energy of the hammer during an idle stroke thereof. However, after extensive use of the machine, elements of the hammer deceleration means tend to wear out to result in inadvertent collisions between the elements of the deceleration means and hammer, and subsequent failure of the machine.
There is further known a hydraulically operated percussive action machine (cf., West German Patent No. 2,223,292, Int. Cl. B 25 D 17/24, published June 8, 1978) having a hammer piston capable of reciprocations inside a housing of the machine to execute work and return strokes. The housing of the machine has a chamber in which the liquid under pressure acts on the hammer piston for the pis
REFERENCES:
patent: 4343368 (1982-08-01), Fadeev et al.
patent: 4476941 (1984-10-01), Buck et al.
patent: 4624325 (1986-11-01), Steiner
Ermilov Nikolai P.
Fadeev Petr Y.
Fadeev Vladimir Y.
Korobkov Vladlen V.
Kulagin Rim A.
Fridie Jr. Willmon
Institut Gidrokinamiki Im, Lavrentieva
Yost Frank T.
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