Surgery – Blood drawn and replaced or treated and returned to body
Patent
1994-07-05
1996-11-05
Willse, David H.
Surgery
Blood drawn and replaced or treated and returned to body
604902, 604 30, 604269, A61M 3700
Patent
active
055710816
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention concerns a suction device for autotransfusion of blood during surgery.
Homologous blood transfusions, i.e. the transfusion of compatible blood from other persons, involves some risk of the transfer of illnesses such as hepatitis and AIDS. They can also cause immunodepression and reduce the patient's natural defences. Finally, some patients refuse to receive the blood of other persons because of their religious beliefs.
For these reasons autologous transfusion or autotransfusion is widely used, i.e. transfusion of the patient's own blood. Autotransfusion can be delayed in the sense that blood is taken from the patient and stored for subsequent transfusion into the same person. This is not always possible, however; the transfusion may be required urgently, for example. In this case autotransfusion during surgery can be used, in which blood lost by the patient during a surgical procedure is collected and transfused into the patient.
The device conventionally used for autotransfusion during surgery includes a suction canula connected by a flexible tube to a depressurised blood storage vessel. The suction canula is also connected to an anticoagulant storage vessel. During the surgical procedure blood lost by bleeding in the operative field is aspirated by the canula, mixed with the anticoagulant in the canula and collected in the storage vessel from which it is transfused into the patient.
A basic technical problem encountered with autotransfusion during surgery is to mix the blood and the anticoagulant in proportions that lie within the correct range. With anticoagulants such as CPD (citrate-phosphate-dextrose), for example, or heparin or a mixture of heparin and CAD (citric acid-dextrose), where a typical anticoagulant solution for 1 liter of blood serum comprises 60 ml of AB 16 plus 30 000 units of heparin, the ratio of the volume of anticoagulant to the volume of blood collected has to be around 1:7, the optimum ratio, and must not exceed 1:5 or fall below 1:10. If the ratio is too high the composition of the blood is too severely changed for the blood to be transfused while if it is too low there is insufficient anticoagulant in the mixture to prevent the blood from coagulating. At a ratio of around 1:7 the chemical, enzyme and blood corpuscle morphology composition of the blood are only slightly altered and the concentration of the anticoagulant is sufficient to prevent coagulation. With other anticoagulants the range of permissible values for the ratio of the volume of anticoagulant to the volume of blood can be different.
General information on autotransfusion can be found in the following publications:
--ADHOUTE, NAHABOO, LANCELLE, MORA, ROUVIER--Autotransfusion en pratique chirurgicale. J. Chir. 1977, 114, 17-24,
--ADHOUTE, NAHABOO, LANCELLE, MORA, ROUVIER--Autotransfusion: XIIIth World Congress of the International Cardiovascular Society. 30 August 30 September 20, Tokyo, Japan.
--ADHOUTE, NAHABOO, REYMONDON, ORSONI--Application de l'autotransfusion en chirurgie vasculaire reglee, Lyon Chir., 1978, 74, 50-62,
--ADHOUTE, NAHABOO, LANCELLE, MORA, ROUVIER, BLEYN, ORSONI--Autotransfusion in Surgical Practice, Cardio. Vasc. Res. Center Bull, 1979, 18, 40-15, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Tx. 77030--USA,
--ADHOUTE, HENIN--Economie du sang en chirurgie. J. Chirurgie, Paris, 1980, 117, 713-722.
--AUTOTRANSFUSION: Proceedings of the First International Autotransfusion Symposium: Apr. 24-25, 1980, Blood Bank Laboratories, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Md. U.S.A. Elsevier/North Holland, N.Y., Amsterdam, Oxford,
--ADHOUTE, AYOUB, REYMONDON, GAUTHIER--Autotransfusion peroperatoire d'hemoperitoines en Chirurgie traumatique d'urgence: J. Chir., Paris, 1988, 123, N 2, pp. 92-96, Masson, Paris, 1988,
--ADHOUTE--Autotransfusion: Utiliser son propre sang. Springer-Verlag France, 26 rue des Carmes, Paris, 1989.
--ADHOUTE--Autotransfusion: using your own blood. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Federal German Republic, 1991.
A solution to the technical problem of contr
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Polutta Mark O.
Willse David H.
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