Peptides for anti-allergy treatment

Details Peptides for anti-allergy treatment Peptides for anti-allergy treatment

1997-06-27

1999-08-31

Saunders, David

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector

4241851, 4241931, 530327, 530328, 530329, 530330, 530403, A61K 39385, A61K 3900, A61K 3803, C07K 100

Patent

active

059451041

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to peptides, believed novel per se and to their use in a vaccine against allergies.
Amino acids and amino acid residues are represented herein by their standard codes as identified by the IUPAC-IUB Biochemical Nomenclature Commission and represent D and L amino acids, their analogues or derivatives.
2. Description of the Related Art
PCT Application Publication No. WO90/15878 describes certain peptides, conjugated or otherwise rendered non-self, useful in anti-allergy treatment. These peptides are derived from or analogous to a sequence of human IgE known to represent an active site implicated in histamine release. It was found that they are effective immunogens, without causing substantial release of histamine.
The structural requirements of these peptides are a cationic N-terminal head, e.g. of the sequence Lys Thr Lys and a hydrophobic C-terminal tail, e.g. of the sequence:


Phe Phe Val Phe (SEQ ID NO: 1) 1


(SEQ ID NO: 2) Lys Thr Lys Gly Ser Gly Phe Phe Val Phe 1 5 10
It is a problem to extend the range of peptides useful for an anti-allergy vaccine.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has now surprisingly been found that peptides of the sequence:


Phe Phe Xaa Phe (SEQ ID NO: 3) 1 challenge by allergens. Such peptides and their C-terminal and or N-terminal derivatives constitute a first aspect of the invention.
In a second aspect, the invention provides conjugates of the peptides with a carrier. As used here a carrier means a moiety capable of stimulating T cell help in order to activate production of antibodies by B cells.
Thirdly, the invention includes a pharmaceutical composition comprising a peptide or conjugate of the invention, together with an adjuvant.
Fourthly, the invention includes the peptides and conjugates for use in the treatment of allergies. In particular it includes their use in the manufacture of a formulation for use as an anti-allergy vaccine where national law permits, it further includes a method of treating a patient suffering from or susceptible to an allergy which comprises administering to the patient an amount of a said peptide, preferably in the form of a conjugate, effective to combat the allergy.
The term "N-terminal derivatives thereof" is used herein to include peptides having N-terminal blocking or inactivating groups, e.g. acetyl groups as well as N-terminal short-chain amino acid or peptide "handles", of 1 to 4 amino acids in length, especially neutral residues, e.g. Gly-Ser-Gly as in the above-mentioned decapeptide or Arg or Lys. Such handle residues can themselves be N-terminally blocked. The term "C-terminal derivatives thereof" includes amides and short-chain amino acid or peptide "tails", of 1 to 4 amino acids in length, especially of neutral residues, which may themselves be C-amidated. Other inactivating groups can be used in place of amides.
Other aspects of the invention are set out in the attached claims.


DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Peptides according to the present invention comprise the sequence: hydrophobic residue other than Val or Ile.
More preferably Xaa is selected from Val, Ile, Asp, Gly, Lys, Arg and His. Most preferably Xaa is Val or Ile.
The peptides of the invention can be synthesised by methods well known in the art such as the "F-moc" method.
To conjugate the simple peptides, any of the methods of coupling and carrier proteins disclosed in the prior PCT application can be used.
The carrier can itself be a peptide of from typically 9-30 amino acids. In this instance the carrier and the peptides of the invention can be synthesised together as a single entity.
The conjugates can contain more than one residue of a peptide of the invention, as, for example, in branched peptides having the above-recited sequence SEQ ID NO: 3 present on arms of a branched core, e.g. of polylysine, see. e.g. J. P. Tam, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 5409-5413 (1988).
The peptides can be extended at either end by "handles" or "tails" as mentioned above. These are conve

REFERENCES:
Ra, Tomoyasu et al. "Polypeptides of monoclonal antibody to human . . . " Chemical Abstracts, vol. 123, No. 15, Oct. 9, 1995, abstract No. 196596.
Oka, et al. "Preparation of peptides and . . . " CA 122,5, 56588 (1995).
Ramage et al, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans I. "Application of Diphenylphosphonic . . . ," 1985 (3), pp. 461-470.
Nio et al., FEBS Letters 1992, 314 (3), pp. 229-231. "Inhibition of passive cutaneous anaphylaxix . . . ".

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