Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
Patent
1998-03-26
1999-09-21
Shah, Mukund J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
540304, 548152, A01N 4300, C07D49900, C07D27760
Patent
active
059554584
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a glycolate form of a penicillin antibiotic as for instance amoxycillin or ampicillin. In particular this invention relates to a glycolate form of 6-(D-.beta.-amino-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido)-penicillanic acid (amoxycillin) which is substantially free of water, and to a process for the preparation thereof. The solvates of for instance amoxycillin or ampicillin may also be converted into non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts by a method known per se.
Amoxycillin is known to exist in two forms, namely the crystalline trihydrate form and the mono hydrated amorphous form. The amoxycillin antibiotic is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and is useful as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent against bacterial infections in man including animals.
British patent No. 1286199 describes a process whereby amoxycillin containing a minimum water content of 3-5% can be prepared by drying an alkanolate of amoxycillin trihydrate. However, it has been described that the intermediate alkanolate form is not stable and is subjected to a potency loss after a few days.
European patent No. 0262207 discloses a process for the preparation of crystalline amoxycillin mono-methanolate from amoxycillin trihydrate. A water-free solution of amoxycillin has been prepared by adding molecular sieves 4 .ANG. into a clear solution of amoxycillin trihydrate, obtained by adding triethylamine into a suspension of amoxycillin trihydrate in a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol. Thereafter, the resulting mixture has been treated with acetic acid and, subsequently, by seeding with crystals of amoxycillin methanolate crystalline amoxycillin mono-methanolate has been provided. However, this solvate itself is not unsuspicious for use as medicament.
Now, it has been found that a new glycolate of penicillin antibiotic, especially amoxycillin can surprisingly easily be prepared in good quality from amoxycillin trihydrate and glycole. The new amoxycillin glycolate contains less than 3% of water and is stable, in any case at room temperature.
The present invention provides new penicillin glycolates, in particular amoxycillin glycolate, preferably with a water content of less than 3%. The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of the same by the reaction of penicillin, in particular amoxycillin or ampicillin, and glycol in an organic solvent. Preferably, amoxycillin 1,2-propanediolate has been provided for.
In a preferred embodiment a suspension of amoxycillin has been stirred in a mixture of dichloromethane and 1,2-propanediol for some time and then, after isolating the suspension through filtration, subsequently, thoroughly washed with dichloromethane and dried. Formation of a gelatinous type of product has not been observed. The amoxycillin 1,2-propanediolate may contain about 0.5 mol of 1,2-propanediol.
The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition which comprises penicillin, in particular amoxycillin glycolate or ampicillin glycolate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The compositions of the invention include those in a form adapted for oral, topical or parenteral use and may be used for the treatment of infections in mammals including humans.
The penicillin, in particular amoxycillin glycolate or ampicillin glycolate may be the sole therapeutic agent in the composition of the invention or a combination with other antibiotics or with a .beta.-lactamase inhibitor as for instance clavulanic acid preferably in its potassium clavulanate form, or sulbactam, may be employed.
The following example illustrates the process according to the invention without, however, being considered to be restricted thereto.
EXAMPLE
Preparation of amoxycillin 1,2-propanediolate
Dichloromethane (63 ml; methanol-free) was added to amoxycillin trihydrate (3.5 g; purity by HPLC 86%; water 12.9%) with stirring at room temperature and, then, followed by the addition of 1,2-propanediol (22 ml). The reaction mixture was further stirred for about 20 min at the same temperatur
REFERENCES:
patent: 4863915 (1989-09-01), Ward
Gist-Brocades B.V.
Shah Mukund J.
Truong Tamthom N.
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