Games using tangible projectile – Projectile – per se; part thereof or accessory therefor – Arrow – dart – or shuttlecock; part thereof
Reexamination Certificate
1999-05-28
2001-07-10
Ricci, John A. (Department: 3712)
Games using tangible projectile
Projectile, per se; part thereof or accessory therefor
Arrow, dart, or shuttlecock; part thereof
Reexamination Certificate
active
06258000
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND—FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to arrowheads, and more particularly to aerodynamically favorable arrowheads such as pivotal blade arrowheads and blade-opening arrowheads that have a sharp cutting edge located upon their arrowhead bodies at a location forward of a corresponding main cutting blade cutting edge when in a penetrating configuration such that each arrowhead cuts target material in front of a corresponding main cutting blade when penetrating a target so as to eliminate the frictional drag that the otherwise dull arrowhead bodies would generate with the target before the main cutting blades began cutting target material thereinfront.
BACKGROUND—DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART
Arrows have long been used for war, hunting and competitive sports. A conventional arrow has a shaft, a nock at one end that receives the bow string, an arrowhead or point that attaches to the opposite end, and fletchings. The fletchings are glued to the shaft near the nock end, and help to stabilize the arrow in flight by causing it to rotate. Arrowheads generally have a pointed forward end, and an opposite threaded shaft end that attaches the arrowhead to the arrow shaft. Arrowheads are also attached to the forward end of arrow shafts by glueing and other methods.
Arrowheads come in a variety of different sizes and configurations depending on their intended use. For example, there are specifically designed arrowheads for competitive target shooting, shooting fish, hunting birds or small game animals, and for hunting big game animals.
Arrowheads used for hunting kill the game animal by cutting vital organs such as the lungs and vascular vessels such as arteries, which causes rapid hemorrhaging and/or suffocation. Quick and humane kills are dependent on accurate shot placement, and upon the amount or volume of the animal tissue that is cut. Hunting arrowheads that cut more tissue are more lethal, and therefore are better. The volume of tissue that is cut is determined by the cutting diameter of the arrowhead, the number of blades it contains, and by the distance the arrowhead penetrates into the animal. The cutting diameter of an arrowhead is determined by how far each cutting blade extends outward from the arrowhead body. The further the blades extend outward the larger the cutting diameter is, and therefore the more cutting potential the arrowhead has.
A common type of arrowhead used in hunting is the fixed-blade arrowhead, which has a pointed tip end used for penetrating, and generally triangular shaped fixed-blades or non-pivotal blades that each have a razor sharp edge for cutting. Conventional fixed-blade arrowheads blades are held in a fixed position on the arrowhead, and most such blades are replaceable. The replaceable blades attach to the arrowhead body in longitudinal grooves called blade slots. The tip of the arrowhead may be separably attachable to the arrowhead body or may be integral with it. Arrowheads for hunting are generally known as broadheads.
Another popular type of arrowhead for hunting is the blade-opening arrowhead. Blade-opening arrowheads are generally known as mechanical broadheads. Blade-opening arrowheads, like conventional fixed-blade arrowheads generally have an elongate arrowhead body, a tip end, and a threaded opposite end. The blades of blade-opening arrowheads have an attachment end which attaches the blades to the arrowhead body by a pivot pin, so that the blades can pivot or rotate in a plane between a closed position and an open position. Blade-opening arrowhead blades are generally an elongate substantially rectangular shape and also have a free non-attached end situated opposite the attachment end. The blades of blade-opening arrowheads are also received in blade slots, which are machined or formed into the side of the arrowhead body. When the pivotal blades of blade-opening arrowheads are retracted or folded into the closed position, a substantial majority of each blade is generally housed within its corresponding blade slot. This feature gives blade-opening arrowheads the ability to attain significantly increased aerodynamic performance over fixed-blade arrowheads, due to the significantly decreased exposure the retracted blades have with the air when the arrow is rotating while in flight. Such increased aerodynamic performance results in the desirable features of: faster shooting arrows, flatter arrow trajectories, increased penetration energy and enhanced repeatability of accuracy, while also providing a wide diameter cut in the game animal when the razor sharp blades open at impact with the animal.
Yet another type of arrowhead used for hunting has pivotal blades that are exposed at a full cutting diameter position while the arrowhead is in-flight. Such arrowheads also generally achieve better aerodynamic performance than fixed-blade arrowheads because by design each pivotal blade only attaches to a corresponding arrowhead body at a single location which therefore with the substantially elongate rectangular shaped blades provides arrowheads having significantly decreased blade surface area exposure with the air while the arrow is in-flight.
It is desirable for an arrowhead to penetrate as deep in the game animal as possible for maximum lethality. The less friction or drag the arrowhead generates or experiences while penetrating a target the further it will penetrate therethrough. The razor sharp cutting edges of arrowheads blades greatly reduce arrowhead penetration friction by slicing with their keen edges. A major problem associated with conventional pivotal blade arrowheads such as blade-opening arrowheads is that when in a penetrating or open position such arrowheads do not have a sharp cutting edge exposed from their arrowhead bodies for a considerable amount of their length rearward of the forward leading tip end thereof This creates a significantly dull forward section of an arrowhead body, which therefore must be pushed or wedged into the target the distance from the leading tip end of the respective arrowhead to the cutting blade before the arrowhead does any cutting. Such a design generates an enormous amount of friction between the dull arrowhead body and target material which unnecessarily and quickly depletes kinetic energy that could of otherwise aided in further target penetration and therefore enhanced lethality.
It is apparent that there is a need for a pivotal blade arrowhead such as a blade-opening arrowhead that when in an penetrating position has a sharp cutting edge exposed at a location forward of the pivotal blade cutting edge so as to slice or cut target material ahead of the pivotal blade and to therefore reduce the friction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a target such that both penetration and lethality are maximized.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an aerodynamically favorable arrowhead such as a pivotal blade arrowhead that when in a penetrating configuration has at least a section of a sharp cutting edge exposed at a location forward of a main blade cutting edge so as to slice or cut target material ahead of the main cutting blade and to therefore reduce the friction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a target such that both penetration and lethality are maximized.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an aerodynamically favorable blade-opening arrowhead that when in a penetrating configuration has at least a section of a sharp cutting edge exposed at a location forward of the pivotal blade cutting edge so as to slice or cut target material ahead of the pivotal blade and to therefore reduce the friction and drag of the arrowhead while penetrating a target such that both penetration and lethality are maximized.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an aerodynamically favorable arrowhead having a pivotal blade and a fixed-blade such that when in a penetrating configuration at least a section of the sharp cutting edge of the fixed-blade is exposed at a location forward of the pivotal bl
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