Penetrating protectant

Details Penetrating protectant Penetrating protectant

1994-10-07

2002-01-01

Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Designated organic nonactive ingredient containing other...

Solid synthetic organic polymer

C514S946000, C424S078310, C424S405000, C424S668000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06335374

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a rapidly penetrating concentrate containing biocides that do not require significant amounts of co-solvents to stabilize the biocide.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many architectural and exposed wood surfaces are treated with biocides (a term that includes fungicides, algacides, and insecticides) or other preservatives for protection. Such treatments are typically applied in the form of a penetrating liquid. Generally, these materials are first prepared as a preservative concentrate or concentrate emulsion. The concentrate or concentrate emulsion is then added to a compatible binder along with other components to form either a non-filmforming protectant or a filmforming coating.
A number of biocides and related biocides are used to protect wood against attack. One of the well accepted class of biocides are the iodopropargyl carbamates with 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate (“IPBC”, CAS No. 55406-53-6) and compounds derived therefrom being the most recognized. IPBC is commercially available in a formulated liquid form from Troy Corporation under the trademark TROYSAN POLYPHASE®. These compounds and their preparation are well described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,923,870; EP 257,888; EP 258,030; and Hansen, “IPBC—A New Biocide for Wood Protection”,
Modern Paint and Coatings,
November 1984, the disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference.
Iodopropargyl carbamates have found wide commercial acceptance in paint films; penetrating protectants and stains for wood, leather, paper, cloth, and other materials; adhesives; caulks; paper and plastics coatings; personal care products; and similar filmforming or non-filmforming products. For wood preservatives, IPBC must be present in a concentration of at least 0.5% by total weight to provide biocidal protection. Products like paints or stains should contain IPBC in a quantity within the range of 0.05-0.5% by total weight to provide biocidal protection.
Pure IPBC is a crystalline solid that is insoluble in a wide variety of liquids, as necessary for an effective biocide. Unless products containing IPBC are, however, properly formulated to provide solution stability to the IPBC, tiny needle crystals fall out of solution as the product dries significantly affecting general biocidal protection. See, Hansen, “IPBC—A New Biocide for Wood Protection”,
Modern Pain and Coatings
(November 1984).
Preservative concentrates of IPBC have traditionally been made with high quantities of one or more co-solvents to provide stability to the IPBC as well as provide a liquid that is soluble in conventional binders. See, e.g., the examples of U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,211 (dipropylene glycol and diacetone alcohol) and U.S. Pat. No. 4,977,186 (co-solvent of ethylglycol acetate or methoxypropyl acetate in water/mineral spirits vehicle). In general, a solvent would be used to dissolve the IPBC, and a co-solvent would be added to stabilize the IPBC/solvent solution in the final preservative formulation. TROYSAN® POLYPHASE® AF-1 is a commercial IPBC concentrate that has about 40% IPBC by weight and employs 35 wt % of a co-solvent system of dimethylsulfoxide, high flash naphtha, and dipropylene glycol.
Aside from the added expense, high levels of co-solvents are diluents in the final product, inherently serve to limit the solids concentration that can be prepared, and are a source of volatile organic materials.
It would be useful to have an biocide concentrate for IPBC and structurally similar biocides that would not require high quantities, if any, of co-solvents yet maintain compatibility with the main binder systems used in commercial coatings. In combination, it would be helpful to be able to provide a biocide concentrate that exhibits levels of solubilized, stable biocide that are greater than 2% by total weight of formulated products.
As a complicating factor, binder and carrier systems are under continuing pressure to employ materials with a low volatile organics content (VOC). The emissions from each component of a product formulation will contribute to the total VOC of the product. Even aqueous systems must be concerned about VOC levels.
It would be desirable to have a iodopropargyl carbamate preservative concentrate that exhibited low VOC levels.
Penetration below the surface of a porous substrate is important for providing effective levels of fungus protection. This is particularly true for wood. Unfortunately, aqueous preservative formulations have traditionally been less effective at penetration than nonaqueous solvent-based formulations. For side grain penetration, water in the formulation swells the wood fibers which shrink the interfiber passages and hinder further penetration.
It would be helpful to have an aqueous protectant for wood with high penetration and fungus protection.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an objective of the invention to provide an emulsifiable biocide formulation that exhibits reduced or eliminated levels of co-solvents for the biocide yet is compatible with alkyd binder systems used in commercial coatings.
It is an objective of the invention to provide a biocidal concentrate with low levels of co-solvent.
It is an objective of the invention to supply a biocidal concentrate that exhibits low VOC levels.
A still further objective of the invention is to provide an aqueous protectant for wood with high penetration and fungus protection.
In accordance with these and other objectives of the invention that will become apparent from the description herein, the invention provides a penetrating biocide concentrate comprising and, preferably, consisting essentially of:
(a) a biocidal amount of a biocidal compound within the general formula:
 and
(b) a penetrating carrier comprising a cyclic diene crosslinked polymerizable, unsaturated glyceride wherein said concentrate contains less than 35% by weight of added co-solvents for the biocidal compound.
The penetrating biocide concentrate of the invention provides a vehicle for delivering effective amounts of biocide to porous substrates with low VOC in aqueous and nonaqueous protectant systems. On wood, products with the concentrate penetrate the wood surface deeply and provide a high level of biocidal protection. The concentrate can be used directly as a non-filmforming preservative or added as the preservative component in a filmforming coating product.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention is a penetrating biocide concentrate containing (a) a biocidal amount of a biocidal compound within the general formula:
and
(b) a penetrating carrier of a copolymer of a cyclic diene, wherein the concentrate contains levels of co-solvents for the carbamate that are less than otherwise needed in the absence of the penetrating carrier. The penetrating carrier enables low VOC, aqueous or nonaqueous systems to carry iodopropargyl carbamate into porous substrates for protection against fungus attack. The penetrating carrier is particularly useful on cellulosic substrates. The carrier of the invention penetrates deeply into the wood without external pressures or vacuum.
In general, the active biocides useful in the concentrate of the present invention are compounds included within the broadly useful class of compounds within generic Formula I:
Most preferred are iodopropargyl carbamates which follow Formula II:
wherein, for each formula:
R
1
is alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted alkaryl of one to twenty carbon atoms and having 1 to 3 linkages corresponding to m;
R
2
and R
3
are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl;
m and n are independently selected integers from 1 to about 3; and
R
4
is selected from hydrogen and R
1
.
When R
1
is an aryl or alkaryl, the aryl group will have the general formula:
wherein:
X is cyano, nitro, lower alkyl, halogenated lower alkyl, alkoxy of 1-12 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted with lower alkyl groups, lower alkenyloxy, unsubstituted or halogenated lower alkynoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, or lower alkylthio;
p is zero or an integer of 1 to 6;
n is zero or

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