Coating implements with material supply – Combined
Reexamination Certificate
2002-07-25
2003-12-16
Walczak, David J. (Department: 3751)
Coating implements with material supply
Combined
C401S131000, C219S201000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06663308
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for heating a writing pen. More specifically, the present invention relates to an electric circuit for warming the writing tip of the pen.
Writing instruments have been used since the beginning of time to record thoughts, events and history. Early cave men used sharpened stones to scratch pictures into the walls of caves. With the advancement of civilization, alphabets developed along with the written word. One of the earliest pens was developed by the Romans from a hollow reed such as bamboo. One end of the reed was cut into a point and ink was poured into the stem. The writer squeezed the wall of the reed to provide ink to the tip.
Around the eighth century the quill pen was introduced. The quill pen was made from a bird's feather. The quill was sharpened to a point and was dipped into an ink well. The writer used the wet ink on the tip of the quill to write. On average, the useful life of a quill pen was about a week after which time the quill needed to be replaced. The quill pen was the most popular writing instrument for about one thousand years until the introduction of the fountain pen in the early nineteenth century.
In the nineteenth century the fountain pen was developed and replaced the quill pen. The fountain pen had several advantages over the quill pen including having an internal ink reservoir. The internal ink reservoir eliminated the need to repeatedly dip the end of the pen into an ink well. Additionally, because the writing end of the fountain pen was metal, the fountain pen had a considerably longer useful life as compared to the quill pen.
A major drawback of fountain pens was the likelihood of spilling ink especially when attempting to refill the reservoir. Additionally, the ink for a fountain pen did not dry quickly resulting in the ink smearing and smudging.
The ball point pen was developed to eliminate the problem of smearing and smudging associated with the inks used in fountain pens. Ball point pens use an internal reservoir similar to fountain pens, but the ink used is a thicker ink which dries almost instantly after being applied to paper. To apply ink from a ball point pen to paper, the ball is rotated by applying pressure to paper. As the ball is rotated, ink which clings to the ball is removed from the reservoir and applied to the paper.
Because a thicker ink is used in ball point pens, several events can occur which prevent the ball point pen from writing. A pen may not be used for an extended period of time resulting in the ink drying around the ball which will prevent the ball from rolling. A second event which prevents a ball point pen from writing is cold weather which results in the ink becoming viscous and not being able to flow.
Usually when a ball point pen will not write, the pen is vigorously moved over a piece of paper. The movement can either heat the tip of the pen with friction which reduces the viscosity of the ink. Alternatively, if the ball is fixed into one position with dry ink, the force of the moving the tip over the piece of paper may break the ball lose from the dried ink. In addition to vigorously moving the ball point pen over a piece of paper, other techniques for making a ball point pen including wetting the tip of the pen to moisturize the dry ink and sucking on the tip of the pen to pull ink around the ball point and establish ink flow. If none of the above techniques do not enable the ball point pen to begin writing the pen is typically discarded.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a device for warming a writing tip of a pen having a conductive surface spaced from the writing tip, the device includes a power source having a first terminal and a second terminal. A first electrically conductive member is attached to the first terminal and a second electrically conductive member is attached to the second terminal and spaced from the first conductive member. The conductive surface of the pen contacts the second electrically conductive member when the writing tip of the pen contacts the first conductive member thereby warming the writing tip.
REFERENCES:
patent: 338019 (1886-03-01), Bartram
patent: 450197 (1891-04-01), Shattuck
patent: 2033897 (1936-03-01), Jenkins et al.
patent: 2488477 (1949-11-01), Rapaport
patent: 4061430 (1977-12-01), Herrnring
patent: 4139424 (1979-02-01), Herrnring
patent: 4798934 (1989-01-01), Boyer
patent: 5546108 (1996-08-01), Hotomi et al.
patent: 5737740 (1998-04-01), Henderson et al.
Walczak David J.
Westman Champlin & Kelly P.A.
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