Compositions – Electrolytes for electrical devices
Patent
1982-11-03
1987-08-11
Howard, Jacqueline V.
Compositions
Electrolytes for electrical devices
252 21, 252 22, 252 23, 252 28, 252 29, 252 30, 252 75, 252 77, 181294, C04B 4300, C10M12518
Patent
active
046860576
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to a pasty damping medium for damping mechanical and/or acoustic vibrations, based on a liquid phase and at least one finely-divided solid material.
Damping media for damping mechanical vibrations are known. Hydraulic oils, for example, have been suggested as damping media. However, these oils have the disadvantage that the heat formed when the damping medium is subjected to permanent load cannot be dissipated quickly enough, so that the oils become overheated and either foam or decompose.
Use has also been made of silicone oils containing hardening additives. These damping media undergo hardening under sudden load. Because of their limited flow properties, these dilatant damping media can only be used, however, for a few special damping processes. Damping media which harden also have the disadvantage of not possessing any noise-insulating property.
The U.S. patent application Ser. No. 3,812,937 describes a damping medium for hydraulically-operating car shock absorbers. It consists of a low-viscosity petroleum oil, contains up to 20% by weight of an organophilic aminomontmorillonite that is prepared by reacting montmorillonite with an aliphatic amino salt, and contains acetonitrile.
The known hydraulic oil is a thickened oil which is not, however, suitable for damping high-frequency vibrations or for permanent loads because it is not able to dissipate the heat resulting from shock and/or tensile loads quickly enough. The petroleum oil starts to decompose at temperatures as low as about 82.degree. C., while the viscosity of the damping medium is already considerably reduced at temperatures below 82.degree. C.
The invention was therefore based on the object of providing a damping medium which can be manufactured from cheap and available basic materials without the thermal stability of the viscosity of the damping medium and hence the latter's flow properties and storage stability being impaired. The object is established by means of a damping medium of the sort described at the beginning, which is characterized by the features of claims 1, 2 and 3.
Surprisingly, it was found that the graphite used as solid material in known damping media can be replaced by various other selected solid materials, even if these exhibit a different type of structure and particle arrangement or packing. The additive of the solid materials listed in claims 1 and 2 has the advantage that through selection of the respective solid material (solid materials), the damping medium can be adapted exactly for the desired damping operation or damping element, and that in the case of the pastes according to the invention the desired storage stability and the desired small change in viscosity with changing temperature are obtained. This is apparently due to a synergistic interaction between the special solids and the other components of the damping medium when given proportions prevail. The synergistic effect may possibly be based on the fact that the solids found have a high specific surface area and accordingly high surface activity. The viscosity of the damping medium according to the invention is particularly stable with changing temperature, and the stability of the pastes when stored or used in dampers is alsp good. There is no separating out or precipitating of any components of the mixture in the damping media of the invention, even when the media are stored for long periods or are subjected to high pressure loads. Surprisingly, high storage stability prevails also in damping media which contain a mixture of light-coloured or graphite-free solids and graphite. There is apparently a stabilizing effect in action here, which may be caused by mutual adherence of the solid materials. Processing of light-coloured solids does not pose any environmental problems, and the danger of pollution is much less than when graphite is used as the only solid.
If a silicone oil is used as basic material for the liquid phase, the viscosity of the silicone oil should preferably be at least 100 to 2000 mm.sup.2 /s at 25.d
REFERENCES:
patent: 2676148 (1954-04-01), Iler
patent: 2890170 (1959-06-01), Rogborg
patent: 3812937 (1974-05-01), Abbott et al.
patent: 4251381 (1981-02-01), Lochner
patent: 4416790 (1983-11-01), Schurmann et al.
U.S. Appln. Ser. No. 354,248 filed Mar. 3, 1982.
Brand Erich
Lochner Kaspar
Schurmann Helmut
Aros Hydraulik GmbH
Howard Jacqueline V.
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