Cryptography – Cryptanalysis
Patent
1990-04-16
1992-11-17
Buczinski, Stephen C.
Cryptography
Cryptanalysis
340572, 342 44, 342 50, 342 60, 375 1, 375 7, 455 131, 455 19, 455 73, 455127, H04K 102, G08B 1314, G01S 1300, H04B 138
Patent
active
051649853
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
With the advent of modern communication and information processing equipment we are increasingly subjected to a world that demands accuracy, quick turn-around, convenience and simplicity of use. As our world becomes more dependent on electronic and automatic means of information transfer, verification, validation and transaction, we must be able to assure and secure this information.
Along with the movement of information comes an ever-increasing demand on our radio frequency spectrum and the manner in which it is used.
The motivation behind this invention is to allow simple communication from multiple remote stations to and through a master controlling station. Further it is essential that the remote station be simple, easy to use, only require a self-contained low power source and be of low cost. Moreover with the larger number of remote stations anticipated, it is essential that the emissions do not overcrowd the radio spectrum, whether by design or fault.
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
System Description
The invention is a system composed of two distinct parts, the master or base station called the Controller and the remote or satellite station called the Communicator.
Both the Controller and the Communicator may be mobile, however it is generally expected that the Controller will be in a fixed location.
The Controller arbitrates, controls and communicates with Communicators which are able to receive its transmissions. The Communicators receiving a particular Controller's transmission form the network for that Controller for the period in which reception occurs.
Communicators will communicate with all controllers whose transmission they receive.
The Controller is the only generator of electromagnetic radiation which it modulates or codes with information relating to its own identity, transactions it undertakes and information it transfers.
The preferred electromagnetic radiation is in the radio spectrum at a frequency of 2.45 gigaHertz.
Each Controller and each Communicator has a unique, coded identity.
In operation the Controller established communication with a Communicator for the first time by establishing through a handshake exchange the unique communications channel it will maintain with that Communicator.
A channel may be established by the Controller by utilising an amplitude or frequency modulation technique or other continuous wave means of transmitting data and using a `handshaking` data interchange with each Communicator to establish the network relationship. The preferred means is to use an amplitude modulation transmission and to establish a repetitive, timed period for data communication with each Communicator in each Controller's network.
The Controller transmits a modulated, repetitive long amplitude modulated continuous wave signal and the Communicator re-transmits the received radio frequency energy as a shorter, pulse coded data train using frequency shift keying techniques in the preferred implementation. Each pulse train is equivalent in length to the Controller's long continuous wave pulse.
Once channels are established the Controller repetitively polls each Communicator for a sequential, cumulative interchange of data.
The Controller continually looks out for new Communicators entering its network. The Controller can de-activate polling of Communicators whose transactions are complete.
The Controller detects the data from each Communicator by detecting radio frequency energy which is transmitted as a modulated re-radiation of the transmitted Radio Frequency energy from the Controller which is received by each Communicator.
The preferred means of achieving the re-radiation by the Communicator is to modulate and radiate the received transmission using back-scatter. In this way the Controller only has to detect information back scatter modulated on its own carrier.
Back-scatter re-radiation allows for very sensitive receiver design in the Controller and keeps the Communicator design simple. Furthermore it allows for the application of very sophi
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Nysen Paul A.
Tobias Raphael
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