Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-10-02
2002-06-18
Boyer, Charles (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S224000, C510S226000, C510S232000, C510S276000, C510S286000, C510S298000, C510S302000, C510S310000, C510S311000, C510S312000, C510S314000, C510S349000, C510S367000, C510S372000, C510S376000, C510S511000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06407045
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the use of particulate acetonitrile derivatives as activators for peroxygen compounds, more particularly inorganic peroxygen compounds, for bleaching colored soil on soils and to dishwashing detergents containing such activators.
Inorganic peroxygen compounds, more particularly hydrogen peroxide, and solid peroxygen compounds which dissolve in water with release of hydrogen peroxide, such as sodium perborate and sodium carbonate perhydrate, have long been used as oxidizing agents for disinfecting and bleaching purposes. The oxidizing effect of these substances in dilute solutions depends to a large extent on the temperature.
For example, with H
2
O
2
or perborate in alkaline bleaching liquors, soiled textiles are only bleached sufficiently quickly at temperatures above about 80° C. At lower temperatures, the oxidizing effect of the inorganic peroxygen compounds can be improved by the addition of so-called bleach activators, for which numerous proposals, above all from the classes of N- or O-acyl compounds, for example polyacylated alkylene-diamines, more especially tetraacetyl ethylenediamine, acylated glycolurils, more especially tetraacetyl glycoluril, N-acylated hydantoins, hydrazides, triazoles, hydrotriazines, urazoles, diketopiperazines, sulfuryl amides and cyanurates, also carboxylic anhydrides, more especially phthalic anhydride, carboxylic acid esters, more especially sodium nonanoyloxy benzene-sulfonate, sodium isononanoyloxy benzenesulfonate, and acylated sugar derivatives, such as pentaacetyl glucose, have become known in the literature. By adding these substances, the bleaching effect of aqueous peroxide liquors can be increased to such an extent that substantially the same effects are obtained at temperatures of only around 60° C. as are obtained with the peroxide liquor alone at 95° C.
In the search to find energy-saving washing and bleaching processes, application temperatures well below 60° C., more particulary below 45° C. down to the temperature of cold water, have acquired increasing significance in recent years. At these low temperatures, there is generally a discernible reduction in the effect of the hithereto known activator compounds. Accordingly, there has been no shortage of attempts to develop more effective activators for this temperature range, but so far to no real avail.
Another problem which particularly affects machine dishwashing detergents is the need to incorporate corrosion inhibitors for table silver in such detergents, particularly where the detergents contain the oxygen-based bleaching or oxidizing agents which have recently become more widespread. During the dishwashing process, silver is capable of reacting with sulfur-containing substances dissolved or dispersed in the wash liquor, because food residues, including inter alia mustard, peas, egg and other sulfur-containing compounds, such as mercaptoamino acids, are introduced into the wash liquor in the cleaning of dishes in domestic dishwashing machines. The far higher temperatures prevailing during machine dishwashing and the longer contact times with the sulfur-containing food remains also promote the tarnishing of silver by comparison with manual dishwashing. In addition, the silver surface is completely degreased by the intensive cleaning process in the dishwashing machine and, as a result, becomes more sensitive to chemical influences.
The problem of tarnishing becomes acute in particular when active oxygen compounds, for example sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate, are used alternatively to the active chlorine compounds which oxidatively “deactivate” the sulfur-containing substances in order to eliminate bleachable soils, such as example tea stains/tea films, coffee residues, dyes from vegetables, lipstick residues and the like. Active oxygen bleaching agents of the type in question are used in machine dishwashing detergents, generally together with bleach activators. These detergents generally consist of the following functional components: builder component (complexing agent/dispersant), alkali carrier, bleaching system (combination of bleaching agent and bleach activator), enzyme and surfactant. Under the dishwashing conditions prevailing where detergents such as these are used, not only sulfidic coatings, but also oxidic coatings are generally formed on the silver surfaces—where silver is present—through the oxidizing effect of the peroxides formed as intermediates or the active oxygen.
It is known from international patent application WO 98/23719 that compounds corresponding to general formula I:
R
1
R
2
R
3
N
−
CH
2
CN X
+
(I)
in which R
1
, R
2
, and R
3
independently of one another represent an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in addition to which the groups R
2
and R
3
may even be part of a heterocycle including the N atom and optionally other hetero atoms, and X is a charge-equalizing anion, can be used as activators for peroxygen compounds, more especially inorganic peroxygen compounds, in aqueous dishwashing solutions. An improvement in the oxidizing and bleaching effect of peroxygen compounds, more especially inorganic peroxygen compounds, at low temperatures below 80° C. and, more particularly, in the range from about 15° C. to 55° C. is achieved in this way. The compounds corresponds to general formula (I) are normally unstable in storage and, in particular, extremely sensitive to moisture, especially in combination with other ingredients of detergents. Some of the representatives of the compounds of general formula (I) which have a particularly good bleach-boosting effect are liquid at room temperature while others are obtained in liquid form, for example as aqueous solutions, at the end of their production process and can only be converted from liquid from into the pure solid with considerable losses. In both cases, their use in solid detergents, for example particulate detergents, is problematical.
A sub-class of particulate detergents are detergents in tablet form. Tabletted detergents have a number of advantages over powder-form or liquid products. They are easier to dose and handle and, by virtue of their compact structure, have advantages in regard to storage and transportation. Accordingly, there is an extremely broad prior art on detergent tablets which is also reflected in extensive patient literature. At a very early stage, developers of tablet-form products had the idea of releasing certain ingredients into the wash cycle under defined conditions through differently composed parts of the tablets in order in this way to improve the outcome of the cleaning process. Besides the core/jacket tablets and ring/core tablets known for some time in the pharmaceutical industry, multilayer tablets in particular have been successfully used and are now available for many aspects of washing and cleaning or hygiene.
Multiphase lavatory cleaning tablets are described, for example, in European patent application EP 0 055100. This document discloses toilet cleaning blocks which comprise a block of a slowly dissolving cleaning composition in which a bleaching tablet is embedded. The document in question also disclosed various embodiments of multiphase tablets. According to the teaching of EP 0 055 100, the tablets are produced either by introducing a bleaching tablet into a mold and coating the tablet with the cleaning composition or by casting part of the cleaning composition into the mold, introducing the bleaching tablet and, optionally, overcoating with more cleaning composition.
European patent application EP 0 481 547 also describes multiphase detergent tablets which, according to this document, are intended for use in dishwashing machines. These tablets are core/jackets and are produced by pressing the ingredients in stages, First, a bleaching composition is converted into a pressing which is introduced into a die half-filled with a polymer composition which is then filled with more polymer composition and converted into a bleaching tablet with a polym
Haerer Juergen
Huestis Susan P.
Lietzmann Andreas
Nitsch Christian
Speckmann Horst-Dieter
Boyer Charles
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Murphy Glenn E. J.
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