Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-12
2001-03-20
Davis, Zinna Northington (Department: 1625)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...
C548S374100
Reexamination Certificate
active
06204283
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Beneficial insects, particularly the honeybee are susceptible to infestation and damage caused by parasitic mites. Recently, a plague of parasitic mites has significantly decreased the honeybee population. Honeybees are important for crop pollination and aid in fruit formation and size and enhance crop yield. Known measures of control of the parasitic mite populations are few and unpredictable.
Tebufenpyrad and the insecticidal and acaricidal use thereof is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,950,668. However, the selective application of tebufenpyrad to beneficial insects is undisclosed.
Therefore, new methods for the selective control of parasitic mites on beneficial insects and for the protection of said insects from infestation and damage caused by parasitic mites with little or no concommitant harm to the beneficial host insect are needed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a method for the control of parasitic mites in the presence of beneficial insects which comprises contacting said mites, their breeding grounds or habitat with a parasiticidally effective amount of tebufenpyrad. The invention further provides a method for the protection of beneficial insects from infestation and damage caused by parasitic mites which comprises applying to said insects their breeding ground or habitat a parasiticidally effective amount of tebufenpyrad.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Beneficial insects such as Apidae, for example, Apinae (honeybees), Bombinae (bumblebees) and Euglossinae (orchid bees) are susceptible to attack and infestation by parasitic mites, particularly mites such as
Varroa jacobsoni
(Varroa mites),
Acarapis woodi
(tracheal mites) and
Tropilaelaps clareae.
These parasites feed on the blood via the insect's trachea (tracheal mites) or via the cuticle from the brood or adult (Varroa mites) or the larvae (
T. clareae
) causing physical deformation, deterioration and death. Further, parasitic mites may either transmit or “trigger” viruses in honeybees and other beneficial insects. Currently, a plague of parasitic mites has caused significant global concern over the present and future populations of essential agronomically important insects such as the honeybee.
Heretofore, known methods to control insect parasites may be unpredictable, such as the use of menthol for tracheal mites, or may be compromised by resistance problems, such as the overuse of fluvalinate for Varroa mites. Surprisingly, it has now been found that N-(4-t-butylbenzyl)-4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methylpyrazole-5-carboxamide, hereinafter designated tebufenpyrad, may be used to effectively control parasitic mites in the presence of beneficial insects and for the protection of said insects from the infestation and damage caused by parasitic mites. Tebufenpyrad and methods for the preparation thereof are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,950,668. Advantageously, the method of the invention may be used to control both the Varroa mite and the tracheal mite in the presence of beneficial insects, particularly honeybees, with little or no significant harmful effect to the insect host.
In actual practice the tebufenpyrad may be applied to the beneficial insect breeding ground or habitat such as a beehive, nest, brood chamber, or the like using a conventional delivery system. Effective amounts of tebufenpyrad are clearly very important to the invention and will vary according to the miticidal sensitivity of the beneficial insect species, the size of the brood chamber, the degree of mite infestation, the insect population density, habitat construction, weather conditions, the timing of the beneficial insect life cycle, and the like. In the present specification including the claims, “parasiticidally effective” is defined to be less than the effective LD
50
for the beneficial insect (dosage rate required to obtain 50% mortality of healthy uninfected insects), but sufficient to control or suppress the parasitic mite infestation. In general, parasiticidally effective amounts may be about 0.001-1.0 &mgr;g per insect, preferably about 0.006-0.60&mgr;g per insect.
For a more clear understanding of the invention, the following examples are set forth below. These examples are merely illustrative and are not understood to limit the scope or underlying principles of the invention in any way. Indeed, various modifications of the invention, in addition to those shown and described herein, will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examples and the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4950668 (1990-08-01), Okada et al.
Okada, Itaru et. al., Discovery of Novel Acaricide Pyranica, Res. Dev. Rev., vol. 8(1), pp. 50-58, 1994.
Baumbach William R.
Beluch Michael P.
Black Bruce Christian
American Cyanamid Company
Davis Zinna Northington
Hogan John W.
Maurer Barbara V.
Robinson Binta
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