Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Patent
1998-11-30
2000-06-06
Michl, Paul R.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
44346, C08K 520
Patent
active
060719931
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a mixture containing an .alpha.-olefin and an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and a polyamine and poly(C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -carboxylic acid) having at least one tertiary amino group with secondary amines,
Mineral oil distillates, in particular middle distillates, such as gas oils, diesel oils or light fuel oils, which are obtained from mineral oils by distillation, have different proportions of n-paraffins depending on the origin of the crude oil, it being possible for said n-paraffins to crystallize on cooling. This point is defined as the cloud point (CP). On further cooling, the lamellar n-paraffin crystals form a sort of house-of-cards structure, so that the middle distillate (MD) sets although the predominant part is still liquid. This point is defined as the pour point, the point at which the middle distillate is still just flowable. The flowability, in particular of fuels, is very adversely affected by the precipitated paraffins in the temperature range between cloud point and pour point. The paraffins block filters and, in the case of fuels, cause a nonuniform fuel supply to the engine or completely stop this supply. Similar problems are encountered in the case of light fuel oils.
It is known that the crystal growth of the paraffins, in particular in distillate fuels, can be modified by suitable additives in the mineral oil distillate. On the one hand, effective additives prevent paraffins from forming such house-of-cards structures in middle distillates and the middle distillates from becoming solid at only a few .degree.C. below the temperature at which the first crystals are precipitated. On the other hand, these additives result in the formation of fine, well crystallized, separate paraffin crystals which can pass through the filters, ensuring trouble-free fuel transport. The efficiency of the flow improves is determined indirectly by measuring the cold filter plugging point (CEPP), according to European Standard EN 116.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,048,479 relates to the improvement of the pour point characteristics of middle distillates and the flowability of the middle distillates at low temperatures. A copolymer of ethylene and of a vinyl fatty acid ester having 3 to 5 carbon atoms in the ester is described as a pour point depressant, said copolymer having a molecular weight of from 1,000 to 3,000 and containing from 15 to 25% by weight of the vinyl ester. In particular, an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer is described.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,627,838 relates to a process for the preparation of copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate for use as pour point depressants for improving the quality of middle distillates. The copolymer contains from 28 to 60% by weight of vinyl acetate and has a molecular weight of from 2000 to 6000.
German Laid-Open Application D-A-1,914,756 relates to a process for the preparation of copolymers and their use in distillate oils. The process is sued for preparing copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, it being possible to keep the proportion of branched ethylene chains small. The molar ratio of ethylene to vinyl acetate is from 4.2 to 6.2. The copolymers are used as pour point depressants and for improving the flow properties of the distillate oils.
German Patent 1,147,799 relates to a mineral oil distillate power fuel or combustion fuel. The combustion fuel or power fuel contains a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate having a molecular weight of from about 1000 to 3000. The copolymer is used for improving the flowability at low temperatures.
EP-A-0 084 148 relates to mineral oil middle distillates having improved flow properties. Said distillates contain from 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of an ethylene/vinyl propionate copolymer having a molecular weight of from 1000 to 3000 and a vinyl propionate content of from 5 to 29% by weight, based on the copolymer. The copolymer is used as a flow improver.
Because they have a higher density than the liquid part, the precipitated paraffin crystals tend to settle out to an increasing extent on the b
REFERENCES:
patent: 3048479 (1962-08-01), Hayckyj
patent: 3627838 (1971-12-01), Hayckyj
patent: 4416668 (1983-11-01), Thompson
patent: 5344863 (1994-09-01), Sakai
patent: 5376155 (1994-12-01), Dralle-Voss
Dralle-Voss Gabriele
Faul Dieter
Uzelac Ljiljana
Wenderoth Bernd
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Michl Paul R.
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