Dispensing – With discharge assistant – Fluid pressure
Patent
1998-01-13
2000-02-08
Bomberg, Kenneth
Dispensing
With discharge assistant
Fluid pressure
B65D 8330
Patent
active
060219262
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a packaged product comprising a foaming composition and a propellant gas packaged within a container. In particular the packaged product is a foam dispensing aerosol container.
It is well known in the aerosol industry that there is a need to move out of HFC propellants on account of their environmental profile. The replacement choice has mostly been the low molecular weight hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, etc., but these are flammable gases which may not always be suitable for use inside confined appliances with potential ignition sources. For these reasons, the industry is seeking a move to more environmentally friendly chemicals.
Replacing the organic propellants, such as those listed above, by gaseous propellant gases presents new problems. Unlike more conventional liquifiable organic propellant gases, gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide cannot be liquefied at the pressures obtainable in an aerosol container (i.e. typically 10 to 12 bar maximum). As a foaming composition is progressively emptied out of the aerosol canister the carbon dioxide or nitrous oxide in the headspace cannot be replenished as would be the case with liquifiable propellants, and consequently the pressure in the headspace drops. If the headspace pressure becomes too low it will no longer be possible to dispense a foam from the aerosol container.
Attempts to address this problem have included the use of microporous structures to adsorb gaseous propellant gas (such as carbon dioxide), thereby providing a "reservoir" of gas from which the headspace pressure can be replenished.
EP-A 0 385 773, published on Sep. 5, 1990, discloses a gas storage system comprising a polymeric material, such as hydrogel, having microvoids functioning as interstitial stores for gas.
DD-A 246 784, published on Jun. 17, 1987, discloses cosmetic and pharmaceutical foam aerosols containing 5-50% of CO2-charged aluminosilicate. It is claimed that filling rates are high, pressure peaks are avoided, and pressure remains substantially constant up to complete emptying of the aerosol package.
EP-A677 577, published on Oct. 18, 1995, discloses a foaming detergent composition for cleaning textile fabrics which may be dispensed with the aid of propellants including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) or low molecular weight hydrocarbons.
Foaming compositions which are concentrated in terms of active components, and have a correspondingly low water content, and therefore a high viscosity, may not be suitable for dispensing with carbon dioxide or nitrous oxide because the energy stored in the propellant is not sufficient to completely empty the aerosol container. Furthermore microporous gas adsorbent agents may be undesirable for economic reasons.
The present invention is concerned with a means of delivering a concentrated foam of uniform density without the need for microporous gas adsorbent agents. Various apparatus for delivering foams are known in the prior art, as for example U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,031 issued on Nov. 15, 1994 entitled "Foam Dispensing Nozzles and Dispensers Employing Said Nozzles". The Precision Valve Company (Valve Precision in France) supplies a range of nozzle assemblies for various applications including shaving foams and carpet cleaners under various trade names including City.RTM., Montego.RTM., Power Jet.RTM., Nevada.RTM., Vulcan.RTM. and Visco.RTM.. Nozzles which disperse the foam both horizontally and vertically (when the container is held upright) are available. Metering nozzles which dispense a predetermined amount of foam are also available. Metering valves are disclosed in WO9108965 (Precision Valve Co) and EP-A 616953 (3M Co). However, the applicant has found that the increase of the foam density when discharging a foaming product with a gaseous propellant cannot be sufficiently controlled with these nozzles.
It has been found that foams discharged with gaseous propellants tend to exhibit a greater increase in foam density throughout the life of the aerosol container compared to foams
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Lauwers Hilde Antoinette Elza
Rogers John Neil
Van Geert Peter Maurits Maria
Bomberg Kenneth
Reed T. David
The Procter & Gamble & Company
Vago James C.
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