Coating processes – Electrical product produced
Patent
1994-09-26
1995-05-30
Pianalto, Bernard
Coating processes
Electrical product produced
4274301, B05D 512
Patent
active
054199212
ABSTRACT:
The present invention provides resistance to degradation from environmental stress cracking (ESC) and metal ion induced oxidation (MIO) for implantable, flexible pacing lead insulators having a body of polyether polyurethane elastomer material. A thin layer of a second polyurethane elastomer is applied as an overcoat to the lead insulator body. The second polyurethane is more resistant to ESC and MIO than the elastomer comprising the body of the insulator. Because ESC and MIO are surface phenomina, only a thin layer of the second material is required and the mechanical properties of the base material will determine the overall mechanical properties of the lead insulator.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4851009 (1989-07-01), Pinchuk
patent: 4873308 (1989-10-01), Coury
patent: 5019096 (1991-05-01), Fox, Jr. et al.
patent: 5040544 (1991-08-01), Lessar
patent: 5109077 (1992-04-01), Wick
patent: 5133742 (1992-07-01), Pinchuk
"Cellular Interactions with Biomaterials: In Vivo Cracking of Pre-Stressed Pelethane 2363-80A", by Q. Zhao et al., Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, vol. 24, 621-637 (1990) (No Mo. avail.).
"In Vivo Degradation of Polymers" by B. Dolezel et al., in Biomaterials, 1989 Mar., vol. 10.
"Foreign-Body Giant Cells and Polyurethane Biostability: In Vivo Correlation of Cell Adhesion and Surface Cracking", by Q. Zhao, in Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, vol. 25, 177-183 (1991) (No Mo. avail.).
"Biostability Considerations for Implantable Polyurethanes" by Coury et al., Life Support Systems, vol. 5, 25-29 (1987) (No Mo. avail.).
"The Biostability of Polyurethane Leads" by Stokes, ed. by Serge, Modern Cardiac Pacing, Futura Publishing Co., 173-98 (1985) (No Mo. Avail.).
Cobian Kenneth E.
Ebert Michael J.
Jevne Allan H.
Keogh James R.
Molacek Richard L.
Latham Daniel W.
Medtronic Inc.
Patton Harold R.
Pianalto Bernard
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