Electric power conversion systems – Current conversion – Including d.c.-a.c.-d.c. converter
Reexamination Certificate
2005-08-23
2005-08-23
Sterrett, Jeffrey (Department: 2838)
Electric power conversion systems
Current conversion
Including d.c.-a.c.-d.c. converter
C363S026000, C363S098000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06934166
ABSTRACT:
Modulation control circuitry modulates the equivalent output resistance of a power converter, for example a Sine Amplitude Converter, by varying the ON resistance of the primary switches in the converter. The modulation control circuitry may be used to “soft-start” the converter, perform output current limiting, and to improve current sharing between converters in a power sharing array. Soft-start may be achieved by controlling the rate of rise of the peak voltage applied to the gate control inputs of the primary switches. As the gate voltage passes through a range near the threshold voltage of the primary switches, the ON resistance of the switches, and the equivalent output resistance of the converter, will vary smoothly from a relatively high value to a relatively low value. Current limiting may be accomplished by measuring the output current of the converter and controlling the gate voltages of the main switches in order to keep the current at or below a predetermined level.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3596165 (1971-07-01), Andrews
patent: 4443840 (1984-04-01), Geissler et al.
patent: 4533986 (1985-08-01), Jones
patent: 4648017 (1987-03-01), Nerone
patent: 4841220 (1989-06-01), Tabisz et al.
patent: 4853832 (1989-08-01), Stuart
patent: 4855888 (1989-08-01), Henze et al.
patent: 4860184 (1989-08-01), Tabisz et al.
patent: 4931716 (1990-06-01), Jovanovic et al.
patent: 5179512 (1993-01-01), Fisher et al.
patent: 5302862 (1994-04-01), Steigerwald
patent: 5331533 (1994-07-01), Smith
patent: 5448467 (1995-09-01), Ferreira
patent: 5491388 (1996-02-01), Nobuyuki et al.
patent: 5514921 (1996-05-01), Steigerwald
patent: 5559683 (1996-09-01), Schoenwald
patent: 5590032 (1996-12-01), Bowman et al.
patent: 5594635 (1997-01-01), Gegner
patent: 5615093 (1997-03-01), Nalbant
patent: 5805432 (1998-09-01), Zaitsu et al.
patent: 5939927 (1999-08-01), Myers
patent: 5991171 (1999-11-01), Cheng
patent: 5999417 (1999-12-01), Schlecht
patent: 6061252 (2000-05-01), Hosotani
patent: 6222742 (2001-04-01), Schlecht
patent: 6330169 (2001-12-01), Mullett et al.
patent: 6381150 (2002-04-01), Telefus
patent: 6441652 (2002-08-01), Qian
patent: 6650556 (2003-11-01), Dinh et al.
patent: 0996219 (2000-04-01), None
patent: WO 01/78221 (2001-10-01), None
Harriman, Intel Corp., “New Control Method Boosts Multiphase Bandwidth,” Power Electronics Technology, Jan. 2003, pp. 36-45.
Morrison et al., “A New Modulation Strategy for a Buck-Boost Input AC/DC Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 34-45, Jan. 2001.
Tabisz et al., “Present and Future of Distributed Power Systems,” APEC '92 Conference Proceedings, Mar. 1992, pp. 11-18.
Mweene et al., “A High-Efficiency 1.5 kW, 390-50V Half-Bridge Converter Operated at 100% Duty Ratio,” APEC '92 Conference Proceedings, Mar. 1992, pp. 723-730.
Choi et al., “Dynamics and Control of DC-to-DC Converters Driving Other Converters Downstream,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems—I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, Oct. 1999, pp. 1240-1248.
Lee et al., “Topologies and Design Considerations for Distributed Power Systems Applications,” Proceedings of the IEEE, Jun. 2001, pp. 939-950.
Steigerwald, “A Comparison of Half-Bridge Resonant Converter Topologies,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 2, No. 2, Apr., 1988.
Baker, “High Frequency Power Conversion with FET-Controlled Resonant Charge Transfer,” PCI Proceedings, Apr. 1983.
Divan, “Design Considerations for Very High Frequency Resonant Mode DC/DC Converters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. PE-2, No. 1, Jan., 1987.
Bo Yang et al., “LLC Resonant Converter for Front End DC-DC Conversion,” CPES Seminar 2001, Blacksburg, VA, Apr. 23, 2001, pp. 44-48.
Bo Yang et al., “Low Q Characteristic of Series Resonant Converter and Its Application,” CPES Seminar 2001, Blacksburg, VA, Apr. 23, 2001, pp. 170-173.
Palz, “Stromversorgung von Satelliten—Wanderfeldröhren hoher Leistung” (“Power Supply for Satellites—High Capacity Traveling-Wave Tubes”), Siemens Zeitschrift, vol. 48, Dec. 1974, pp. 840-846. (with English Translation).
Data sheet, “Preliminary Tech Spec, Narrow Input, Isolated DC/DC Bus Converter,” SynQor Document No. 005-2BQ512J, Rev. 7, Aug., 2002, pp. 1-7.
Erickson and Maksimovic, “Fundamentals of Power Electronics,” 2ndEdition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dec. 2001.
Hua et al. “Novel Zero-Voltage Transition PWM Converters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 9, No. 2, Mar., 1994, p. 605.
Vinciarelli, Buck-Boost DC-DC Switching Power Conversion, U.S. Appl. No. 10/214,859, filed Aug. 8, 2002. [00614-129001].
Colson, “Intel Platform Solutions,” Issue 23, Sep. 3, 1999, pp. 1, 20-21.
Reynolds, “Intel Development Forum Highlights: Fall 1999,” published by Gartner, Dataquest, Nov. 30, 1999.
Strassberg, “Tiny Titans: Choose 'Em and Use 'Em With Care,” EDN Magazine, May 2, 2002, pp. 41-42, 44, 46 & 48.
Morrison, “Distributed Power Moves to Intermediate Voltage Bus”, Electronic Design Magazine, Sep. 16, 2002, pp. 55, 58, 60 & 62.
Yao et al., “A Novel Resonant Gate Driver for High Frequency Synchronous Buck converters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 17, No. 2, Mar. 2002, pp. 180-186.
Stanford, “New Processors Will Require New Powering Technologies,” Power Electronics Technology Magazine, Feb. 2002, pp. 32-42.
Balogh, “Distributing On-Card Power—Choosing the Right Board-Level Architecture for a Range of Power Needs”, Texas Instruments, High-Performance Analog, Apec '03, Miami, FL, pp. 1-24, Dec. 2003.
Ren et al., “A Novel Simple and High Efficiency ‘DC/DC Transformer’,” Center for Power Electronics Systems, CPES Seminar 2002, Blacksburg, VA, Apr. 14, 2002, pp. 173-177.
Weinberg et al., “A New Zero Voltage and Zero Current Power-Switching Technique,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 7, No. 4, Oct. 1992, pp. 655-665.
Miller, “The Use of Resonant Circuits in Power Conditioning Equipment,” PCSC '71 Record, Dec. 1971, pp. 94-100.
Schwarz, “A Method of Resonant Current Pulse Modulation for Power Converters,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and Control Instrumentation, vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 1989, pp. 209-221.
Ray et al., “A Cascaded Schwarz Converter for High Frequency Power Distribution,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 1989, pp. 478-485.
Schmidtner, “A New High Frequency Resonant Converter Topology,” HFPC, May 1988 Proceedings, pp. 390-403.
Batarseh, “Resonant Converter Topologies with Three and Four Energy Storage Elements,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 9, No. 1, Jan. 1944, pp. 64-73.
Ye et al., “Investigation of Topology Candidates for 48V VRM,” 2002 APEC Conference, Mar. 2002.
Alou et al., “Buck + Half Bridge (d=50%) Topology Applied to Very Low Voltage Converters,” Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2001, vol. 2, pp. 715-721, Feb. 2001.
Ren et al., “Two-Stage 48V Power Pod Exploration for 64-Bit Microprocessor,” Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Sep. 2003, vol. 1.
“SynQor's Bus Converter delivers 240 Watts in Quarter-brick,” SynQor Press Release, Aug. 2, 2002.
Severns and Bloom, “Modern DC-to-DC Switchmode Power Conversion Circuits, ‘DC Transformers’” ISBN 0-442-21396-4, pp. 78-111, Dec. 1985.
Severns et al., “Modern DC-to-DC Switchmode Power Converter Circuits, ‘Buck-Derived Circuits,’” ISBN 0-442-21396-4, pp. 114-117, Dec. 1985.
Severns et al., “Modern DC-to-DC Switchmode Power Converter Circuits, ‘Boost-Derived Circuits,’” ISBN 0-442-213
LandOfFree
Output resistance modulation in power converters does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Output resistance modulation in power converters, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Output resistance modulation in power converters will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3523908