Surgery: splint – brace – or bandage – Orthopedic bandage – With light – thermal – or electrical application
Patent
1995-11-03
1998-02-03
Buiz, Michael Powell
Surgery: splint, brace, or bandage
Orthopedic bandage
With light, thermal, or electrical application
602 6, 602 79, 602 3, 428290, A61F 500
Patent
active
057138354
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a hardenable material which comprises a substrate which carries a resin containing a multifunctional vinyl ether compound which hardens in the presence of actinic radiation and a catalyst. More specificially, this invention relates to an orthopaedic splint or cast material which comprises a substrate which carries a resin which contains a multifunctional vinyl ether monomer compound and an agent which when mixed with the monomer increases the viscosity thereof and which resin hardens in the presence of a suitable catalyst and actinic radiation to form a strong splint or cast.
Traditionally, Plaster of Pads has been used in orthopaedic bandages or splinting bandages. However, such bandages have many disadvantages including heaviness, absorbing moisture, rapid soiling and X-ray opacity. There have been many attempts to replace Plaster of Paris with a lighter material which did not possess its other disadvantages.
It has now been found that by employing a mixture of a multifunctional vinyl ether monomer, an agent which when mixed with the monomer increases the viscosity thereof and a photoinitiation cationic catalyst to impregnate an orthopaedic bandage substrate, an orthopaedic splinting or casting material can be obtained which does not require the use of fillers and can be simply cured by exposure to radiation to give a satisfactory, hard cast.
The cationic polymerisation of multifunctional vinyl ethers initiated by irradiation has been described in, for example, European Patent Application Nos 94915 and 109851 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,307,177. The curable compositions disclosed therein can be used as molding compounds, adhesives, printing inks and other applications in which a rapid cure of the composition is required. The curing rate may be a matter of seconds and be accompanied by evolution of heat which is not suitable for a composition for use as an orthopaedic bandage. Those compositions do not disclose mixtures with viscosity increasing agent. No medical uses for those curable compositions is disclosed or suggested.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an orthopaedic splinting or casting material which comprises a substrate which carries a hardenable resin containing a multifunctional vinyl ether monomer, an agent which when mixed with the monomer increases the viscosity thereof and a catalyst capable of causing the resin to harden when exposed to actinic radiation.
Suitable vinyl ether compounds are those which are multifunctional that is have more than one vinyl group per molecule and preferably have two vinyl groups per molecule. These compounds may be obtained by the reaction of alkylene polyols such as diols or triols with 2-chloroethylvinylether in the presence of sodium or potassium hydroxide and a tetralkyl ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst. Suitable vinyl ethers include diethylene glycol divinyl ether, trimethylol propane trivinyl ether. Difunctional vinyl ether monomers are preferred.
Suitably the multifunctional vinyl ether can form not less than 40% by weight of the resin and preferably not less than 45%. Suitably the multifunctional vinyl ether can form not more than 60% by weight of the resin and preferably not more than 55%.
Suitable multifunctional vinyl ether compounds will harden in the presence of a suitable catalyst on exposure to actinic radiation and, if desired, followed by exposure to heat. Suitable actinic radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet light. A suitable ultraviolet radiation has a wave length of from 240 to 400 nm and preferably 300 to 400 nm. The splinting or casting material may be exposed to the ultraviolet radiation for a period of from 5 to 10 minutes for example 7 minutes, 8 minutes in order to cause the resin to harden.
An agent is mixed with the multifunctional vinyl ether to increase its viscosity. Aptly this agent is a polymer.
Suitable polymers for mixing with the vinyl monomer may be those which are soluble in the monomer. Suitable polymers may have a high Tg that is above 75.degree. C. Suitable polymers h
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Buiz Michael Powell
Smith Chalin
Smith & Nephew plc
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