Dentistry – Orthodontics – Bracket
Patent
1998-04-16
2000-10-31
Wilson, John J.
Dentistry
Orthodontics
Bracket
433 11, A61C 300
Patent
active
061393177
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates generally to the field of orthodontics and in particular to a novel orthodontic appliance, including a bracket and a securing member, the combination of which is able to accommodate a series of pins. The invention also relates to a technique of utilising such an appliance.
The field of orthodontics generally applicable to the present invention, involves appliances and techniques relating to the application of appliances to teeth in order to straighten or in some manner move the teeth within the mouth. Treatment with such appliances are generally for cosmetic or other functional purposes.
The most commonly used techniques involve the use of brackets which are affixed to the tooth surface, and archwires which are held in position by the brackets. Correct manipulation of the archwire and the bracket, allows the operator to apply forces upon a tooth in an attempt to cause movement. Various techniques have developed utilising differing brackets and archwires in order to provide orthodontic treatment. One such technique is the Begg technique which involves the gentle free tipping movement of the teeth. The teeth may be moved into existing spaces or spaces created by extracting strategic teeth. Other techniques utilise Edgewise brackets and variations of the Edgewise bracket in order to induce movement of teeth.
A bracket is a device that is generally attached either directly to the tooth or by means of a band surrounding the tooth and may include a horizontal projection to support an archwire. Generally, the appliances used in current techniques utilise brackets and an archwire. The archwire is generally secured to the bracket by means of ligatures, or by the use of pins or other holding devices. The archwire may be secured within the bracket or received between the bracket surface and the inside of the bracket and held firmly against the inside of the bracket.
Appliances that are used in orthodontic treatments are classified generally according to their surface application. Such appliances include labial and buccal, utilising appliances that are applied to the outer surface of the tooth; lingual and palately utilising appliances affixed to the interior surface of the tooth, or labialingual applied to both surfaces. Generally, the Edgewise technique is a labial and buccal arch technique that allows for suitable control in the labiolingual, mesiodistal and gingival directions. In the Edgewise appliance, a round or rectangular archwire is layed flat against the labial/buccal surface of the tooth. The archwire is shaped and affixed into a support in the brackets.
The Edgewise bracket has a rectangular cross sectioned support into which the archwire fits, and wings for tying the archwire with some form of affixation. The support may be single, double or treble, and may be straight or angulated in order to provide torque to the tooth. With such brackets, the width of the attachment is important, since this is what allows control of the movement of tooth in the mesiodistal direction. Other types of brackets such as the begg bracket utilise a pin to secure the archwire rather than affixations. Auxiliaries such as uprighting springs, rotational springs and torquing arches are used to empirically drive the teeth into their desired position.
Ceramic and plastic brackets have also been used in the Begg and various alternatives of the Edgewise technique. With the Begg bracket technique, the ceramic brackets are tending to fracture due to the fine nature of the bracket design or dilaminate from the bases to which they adhere to. Stainless steel and titanium wires also have a detrimental effect upon ceramic brackets causing fracture of brackets and wear. Plastic brackets have generally been discarded, as they readily distort.
In the Edgewise techniques the width and depth of a bracket slot are critical and thus any excessive wear is detrimental to good treatment. Once the brackets are placed on a tooth they can not be easily interchanged and as such, once the bracket slot is worn, or damaged, the treatm
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Goldschmied Proprietary Ltd.
Wilson John J.
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