Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Heavy metal containing
Reexamination Certificate
1997-11-14
2001-12-11
Shaver, Paul F. (Department: 1621)
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Heavy metal containing
C556S465000, C556S489000, C524S015000, C526S126000, C526S127000, C526S160000, C526S243000, C526S241000, C526S351000, C526S352000, C526S348400, C526S129000, C534S015000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06329541
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In general, this invention is related to the fields of (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compounds and processes that use (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compounds.
The production of polymers that comprise ethylene is a multi-billion dollar enterprise. Many different catalysts can be used to polymerize ethylene. However, very few of these catalysts are of commercial importance. Currently, millions of dollars have been spent on research to make metallocene catalysts more commercially viable, and thus, more commercially important. This is because the polymers produced by such metallocene catalysts have properties that currently no other single polymer can reproduce. However, one of the technical problems associated with these metallocene catalysts is that they are homogenous with the polymerization medium. That is, they are soluble in the medium in which the polymerization is conducted. This is a drawback to the use of such metallocene catalysts because most commercially important polymerization processes use heterogenous catalysts. Therefore, in order to make metallocene catalysts more commercially important, heterogenous metallocene catalysts must be produced. Additionally, it is very important to have a metallocene catalyst that produces polymers that have a high molecular weight.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compound.
Another object of this invention is to provide a process to polymerize monomers, especially ethylene, with an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compound.
In accordance with one embodiment of this invention an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compound is provided.
In accordance with another embodiment of this invention a process to polymerize monomers, especially ethylene, with an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compound is provided. This process comprises (or optionally consists essentially of, or consists of): using an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compound to polymerize monomers into polymers.
The objects and advantages of this invention are further described and defined in the following description and claims. It should be noted that the invention described herein can be practiced without any components or steps not specifically detailed herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In general, (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compounds are those compounds having the general formula indicated in Box One.
In this general formula, R is an (R
1
)
2
C═C(R
1
)—(C(R
1
)
2
)
n
—C(R
1
)
2
—group (where n is from 0 to about 20). In this group, each R
1
can be any substituent that does not substantially, and adversely, interfere with any of the processes disclosed herein. For example, each R
1
can be a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. However, it is preferred that each R
1
have from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and it is even more preferred that each R
1
have from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Further examples of R
1
are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and aryloxy. Currently, it is most preferred if R
1
is hydrogen.
The R group is attached to a cyclopentacarbyl group (R
0
) which can be either substituted or unsubstituted, and which can form a metallocene compound with a transition metal. The substituents of the cyclopentacarbyl group can be any substituent that does not substantially, and adversely, interfere with any of the processes disclosed herein. Examples of cyclopentacarbyl groups are substituted and unsubstituted cyclopentadiene groups and substituted and unsubstituted indenyl groups. Currently it is preferred if the cyclopentacarbyl group (R
0
)is an indenyl.
The cyclopentacarbyl group is attached to a silane bridging group that can be substituted or unsubstituted. The substituents (R
3
) of the silane bridging group can be any substituent that does not substantially, and adversely, interfere with any of the processes disclosed herein. Examples of such substituents are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and aryloxy. Currently, it is preferred if each R
3
is alkyl or aryl, however, it is most preferred if R
3
is aryl, such as, for example, phenyl.
The fluorenyl group in the general formula can be substituted or unsubstituted. The substituents of the fluorenyl group can be any substituent that does not substantially, and adversely, interfere with any of the processes disclosed herein. Examples of such substituents are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and aryloxy. Currently, it is preferred if the substituents are hydrogen.
In the general formula, M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and the lanthanides. Currently, the preferred transition metals are zirconium and hafnium.
In the general formula, X is an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amides, hydride, or halogen. Currently, it is most preferred if X is a halogen. However, it is most preferred if X is chlorine.
This (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) metallocene compound can be produced by first taking a cyclopentacarbyl compound and reacting it with an organometal compound such as, for example, n-butyllithium, to form a cyclopentacarbyl metal compound. In general, the metal in the organometal compound is any Group I metal and the organo part of the compound is an alkyl. The cyclopentacarbyl compound is any compound that has at least five carbon atoms arranged in a cyclic structure. This cyclopentacarbyl compound can be either substituted or unsubstituted. Additionally, this cyclopentacarbyl compound can form a metallocene compound with a transition metal. The substituents of the cyclopentacarbyl compound can be any substituent that does not substantially, and adversely, interfere with any of the processes disclosed herein. Examples of cyclopentacarbyl compounds are substituted and unsubstituted cyclopentadiene groups and substituted and unsubstituted indenyl groups. In general, the reaction of the cyclopentacarbyl compound with an organometal compound to produce a cyclopentacarbyl metal is conducted at any suitable temperature and pressure. Currently, a temperature of about −80° C. to about 160° C. and a pressure of about 0 to about 100 atmospheres are preferred. However, a temperature of about −80° C. to about 60° C. and a pressure of about 1 atmosphere are more preferred. The molar ratio of cyclopentacarbyl compound to the organometal compound can be any suitable ratio. Currently, molar ratios of 1 to 1 are preferred.
This cyclopentacarbyl metal compound is then reacted with a haloalkene to produce an (omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl compound. In general, the reaction of the cyclopentacarbyl metal compound with a haloalkene to produce an (omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl compound is conducted at any suitable temperature and pressure. Currently, a temperature of about −80° C. to about 160° C. and a pressure of about 0 to about 100 atmospheres are preferred. However, a temperature of about −80° C. to about 60° C. and a pressure of about 1 atmosphere are more preferred. The molar ratio of cyclopentacarbyl metal compound to the haloalkene can be any suitable ratio. Currently, molar ratios of 1 to 1 are preferred.
Once the (omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl compound is produced it can be reacted with an organosilane to produce an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) compound. In general, the reaction of the (omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl compound with an organosilane to produce an (organo) ((omega-alkenyl) cyclopentacarbyl) (silane bridged) compound is conducted at any suitable temperature and pressure. Currently, a temperature of about −80° C. to about 160° C. and a pressure of about 0 to about
Alt Helmut G.
Jung Michael
Welch M. Bruce
Bowman Edward L.
Phillips Petroleum Company
Shaver Paul F.
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