Power plants – Utilizing natural heat
Reexamination Certificate
2001-05-21
2002-08-20
Nguyen, Hoang (Department: 3747)
Power plants
Utilizing natural heat
C060S641150, C060S675000, C060S651000, C060S671000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06434941
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ordinary temperature heat engine in which an atmospheric temperature is employed as a heat source temperature of a high temperature portion thereof, and a temperature reduced lower than the atmospheric temperature by cooling with water evaporation latent heat is employed as a temperature of a low temperature portion thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In high temperature heat engines which are older types of heat engines (internal combustion engines and external combustion engines) such as Watt's steam engines and gasoline engines, an atmospheric pressure and an atmospheric temperature are employed as a pressure of a low pressure portion and a temperature of a low temperature portion, respectively, and a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure and a temperature higher than the atmospheric temperature are artificially produced in a high pressure portion and a high temperature portion, respectively. For the realization of the artificial high pressure portion and the artificial high temperature portion, an external energy source (coal, oil or the like) is used to be burnt. This is why the older types of heat engines are called “high temperature heat engines”.
The high temperature heat engines are still in use, and serve as power source machines capable of converting a heat energy into an electric energy and a dynamic energy which are useful for human beings. Artificial power source machines, thermal power plants and nuclear power plants could not have been realized without the high temperature heat engines,.
The term “artificial high pressure portion” or “artificial high temperature portion” herein means a portion in which a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure or a temperature higher than the atmospheric temperature is artificially produced by externally applying energy thereto.
The term “natural low pressure portion” or “natural low temperature portion” herein means a portion which is kept at an atmospheric pressure or at an atmospheric temperature without application of any external energy.
In an ordinary temperature heat engine which has been developed in a different way from the older types of heat engines, the temperature of the natural high pressure portion or the natural high temperature portion is employed as the heat source temperature of the high temperature portion, and a temperature reduced lower than the atmospheric temperature by cooling with water evaporation latent heat is employed as the temperature of the artificial low temperature portion. This ordinary temperature heat engine already exists. Another name or popular name of the ordinary temperature heat engine is “water drinking bird” or “peace bird” which is an ornamental toy adapted to keep moving for a long period.
The term “natural high pressure portion” or “natural high temperature portion” herein means a portion which is kept at a natural atmospheric pressure or at a natural atmospheric temperature without application of any external energy or without any special consideration.
The term “artificial low pressure portion” or “artificial low temperature portion” herein means a portion in which a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure or a temperature lower than the atmospheric temperature is artificially produced with some special consideration and with or without application of external energy.
This ordinary temperature heat engine (“Motive unit utilizing an evaporation bulb” disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 25-2455 (1950)) was invented first in the history in 1948 by a Japanese inventor, Yuji Suda. However, the heat engine produces only a small amount of less intensive dynamic energy and, therefore, does not serve as a feasible motive unit or heat engine, but is a simple dynamic ornamental object.
The ordinary temperature heat engine has a characteristic basic construction such that the high pressure portion is connected to the low pressure portion via a single pipe and, hence, has the following drawbacks:
(1) Since liquid and gas flow up and down in the single pipe (long neck), the liquid and the gas should operate in time staggered manner with a timing difference.
(2) Therefore, a torso portion (high pressure portion, high temperature portion) and a head portion (low pressure portion, low temperature portion) should be arranged in an equilibrium and reciprocal structure. With a perfect equilibrium structure, the torso portion and the head portion are immovable under equilibrium. However, a slightly non-equilibrium state is produced by causing the liquid to flow up and down in the single pipe (long neck) connecting the torso portion and the head portion, thereby bringing the torso portion and the head portion into reciprocal motion. The dynamic energy to be produced with this structure is very small and weak. The ordinary temperature heat engine is called “water drinking bird”, because the reciprocal motion thereof looks as if a bird is drinking water.
Even if the size of the water drinking bird is totally increased, the dynamic energy to be generated and extracted by the reciprocal motion which produces the slightly non-equilibrium state of the ordinary temperature heat engine is rarely increased. In addition, the ordinary temperature heat engine does not properly operate due to friction of its own weight, because the weight thereof is increased generally proportionally to the third power of the size thereof.
In view of the aforesaid problems associated with the conventional ordinary temperature heat engine (water drinking bird), the present invention provides an ordinary temperature heat engine which incorporates a structure other than the equilibrium and reciprocal structure to cause the liquid to flow up and down.
The liquid is caused to flow up and down, while the torso portion (high pressure portion, high temperature portion) and the head portion (low pressure portion, low temperature portion) are fixed in position. Energy obtained during the flow down is converted by an impeller and extracted to the outside for work. The invention is directed to provision of a feasible motive unit or heat engine which is capable of generating a great amount of intensive energy.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention to achieve the aforesaid object, a high temperature portion and a low temperature portion are connected to each other via at least two pipes, and an on-off valve is provided for increasing and reducing a pressure difference between the high temperature portion and the low temperature portion.
That is, the invention provides an ordinary temperature heat engine which is capable of converting a heat energy in the atmosphere into a dynamic energy to generate a great amount of intensive energy for practical use for work.
In the ordinary temperature heat engine which employs an atmospheric temperature as a heat source temperature of the high temperature portion, the high temperature portion which employs the atmospheric temperature as the heat source temperature and the low temperature portion which has a temperature reduced lower than the atmospheric temperature by cooling with water evaporation latent heat are connected to each other via two or more pipes. Thus, the high temperature portion and the low temperature portion are fixed to be arranged in a non-equilibrium and non-reciprocal structure.
In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an ordinary temperature heat engine which comprises: a liquefying chamber in which a volatile liquid filled therein is liquefied at a temperature lower than an ordinary temperature; a vaporizing chamber in which a volatile liquid retained therein is vaporized at a temperature not lower than the ordinary temperature; a first communication pipe for communication between the liquefying chamber and a port provided at a level lower than the level of the volatile liquid in the vaporizing chamber; and a second communication pipe for communication between the liquefying chamber and a port provided a
Narutomi Hanako
Usui Hiroshi
Nguyen Hoang
Wood Phillips VanSanten Clark & Mortimer
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