Active solid-state devices (e.g. – transistors – solid-state diode – Incoherent light emitter structure – In combination with or also constituting light responsive...
Patent
1997-02-14
1999-07-20
Guay, John
Active solid-state devices (e.g., transistors, solid-state diode
Incoherent light emitter structure
In combination with or also constituting light responsive...
257 75, 257 88, 257 89, 257103, 257 99, 257443, 257448, 257466, 257 76, 313500, H01L 2714, H01L 2715, H01L 3300, H01L 31036
Patent
active
059258977
ABSTRACT:
An optoelectronic semiconductor diode is made from a layer of many small individual semiconductor particles containing doping junctions positioned between two contact surfaces mechanically supported by substrates. In the preferred embodiment, the particles are formed of a semiconductor, such as indium gallium nitride, as the active region. The particles are of a size on the order of 10 to 100 microns and are formed by reacting metallic gallium and indium with ammonia, or by a similar method. Electrical contacts are made to the particles by conductive films that have been deposited on the inner surfaces of the substrates. These contacts can be either reflective or transparent, depending upon the materials used. The particles each contain a p-n or similar junction, created either by diffusing in dopants or by selectively activating dopants that are already present. When a forward bias is applied to an LED, minority carriers spill over the junction and recombine with majority carriers to produce light. Powder LEDs according to the present invention can in principle be manufactured to operate at any wavelength within the entire visible spectrum. In addition to light-emitting diodes, the diode design may be adapted to form various types of other optoelectronic diodes such as photodetector and photovoltaic cells. Accordingly, diodes produced according to this design may be used for many applications such as flat panel displays, general purpose lighting, solar cells, and optical communication. They may be fabricated as single diodes or as arrays of diodes having the same or different optical frequency characteristics.
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