Optical: systems and elements – Holographic system or element – Using a hologram as an optical element
Patent
1992-06-24
1995-03-07
Sikes, William L.
Optical: systems and elements
Holographic system or element
Using a hologram as an optical element
359 79, 359 60, G02F 1136
Patent
active
053963539
ABSTRACT:
An opto-electrical apparatus, such as, a liquid crystal display device, comprises a pixel electrode driving element a first conductor, an insulator and a second conductor formed in stacked sequence on the substrate with the insulator comprising a thicker barrier layer atop the first conductor compared to the side portions thereof. The second conductor is formed in two locations on the insulating side portions of the insulator as well as a portion of the top surface comprising the barrier layer. As a result, a pair of nonlinear devices are formed relative to the same insulator and are connected between a pixel electrode and inter-device interconnect so that an electrically aligned, series connected pair of MIM devices with opposite polarity formation both having nonlinear current/voltage characteristics. Concurrently, a pair of parasitic, secondary MIM devices are also formed in electrically aligned fashion between a pixel electrode and is inter-device interconnect, but the signal path developed through these secondary MIM, devices is characterized by including two thick barrier layers and has the same effect of doubling the barrier layer thickness and creating about twice the resistance and reducing by about one half the capacitance. As a result, deteriorating electrical characteristics due to presence of the secondary nonlinear device, are prevented so that there is a major improvement in the image quality and the reproducibility and yield of the opto-electrical apparatus.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4683183 (1987-07-01), Ono
patent: 4929059 (1990-05-01), Takahashi et al.
patent: 5069534 (1991-12-01), Hirai
patent: 5101288 (1992-05-01), Ohta et al.
patent: 5299040 (1994-03-01), Mizobata
Takahashi Kotoyoshi
Ushiki Takeyoshi
Alexander Dave G.
Carothers, Jr. W. Douglas
Duong Tai V.
Seiko Epson Corporation
Sikes William L.
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