Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1996-09-25
1998-07-21
Mai, Tan V.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
G06G 716
Patent
active
057843090
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a national stage of PCT/AT 95/00039 filed 1 Mar. 1995 and based upon Austrian National applications A443/94 and A296/95 of 2 Mar. 1994 and 17 Feb. 1995, respectively, under the International Convention.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
My present invention relates to an optical vector multiplier which can carry out calculations of linear algebra, whereby two light modulators with strip-shaped modulator cells representing a vector, are rotated 90.degree. to one another and are arranged in a light path. The light modulators are preferably constructed as opto-electronic modulators in a sandwich structure. The optical vector multiplier can carry out the calculations of linear algebra, in which the light of a field of individually controllable light sources preferably laser diodes or light diodes, representing a vector is so divided by optical devices that a strip-shaped parallel intensity distribution results.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hitherto, optical computers have been known in which vector matrix multiplication and the cross product or vector products could be calculated and for which electro-optic modulators or light source fields were used. The English Patent GB-A-2 267 165 (SHARP) shows an optical processor which can carry out vector matrix multiplication and also form the cross product of two vectors with the aid of two light paths. The resultant matrix of the cross product can be stored in the region of the cells of the matrix modulator. This arrangement has not been however useful in the field of transposed matrices. The European open application EP A2-450 526 (HUGHES AIRCRAFT) shows an optical processor which can form the cross product of two vectors.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide an optical vector multiplier for a neural network whereby, operations of linear algebra can be calculated as fast as possible, while the matrix is represented by slow liquid crystal fields or by electro-optic modulators whose cells can only respond serially.
It is another object to provide a multiplier whereby even transposed matrices can be used in the vector matrix multiplication, the cross product of two vectors can be calculated and the resultant matrix of the cross product can be directly stored in the regions of the cells of the matrix modulator.
Still another object allows the light detectors to be distributed optionally and such that the vector multiplier can operate digitally.
Yet a further object is to provide for the possibility of representing matrices with negative elements.
Accomplishment of these objects will make the arrangement of the invention especially suitable for the various models of a neural network and for use also in a cascade configuration for multi-layer networks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These objects are achieved in that an optical multiplier is followed in the light path by a matrix form or chessboard form light modulator, preferably a liquid crystal modulator, which represents a matrix, whereby selectively there are provided thereon light detectors and/or electronic circuitry which process the signals from the detectors and control the modulator cells, and reflecting and/or transmitting modulators are used. The overall modulator arrangement is transluminated with parallel light, and the light additionally with the aid of optical devices impinges on one or more light detector fields whereby the light beams are so deflected that resultant vectors of vector matrix multiplication and/or vector transposed matrix multiplications can be formed.
Aside from this, the objects are achieved in that a light modulator with strip-shaped modulator cells representing a vector is provided and this light modulator is configured preferably as an opto-electronic modulator in a sandwich construction. The light modulator is arranged in the light path rotated through 90.degree. with respect to the strip-like intensity distribution, this arrangement is followed in the light path by a matrix form or chessboard for
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Athale et al., "Compact Archritectures for Adaptive Neural Nets", Optical Engineering, Apr. 1989, vol. 28 No. 4, pp. 447-455.
Yang et al, "Fully Parallel Optical Matrix-Matrix Multiplier Using Spherical Lens Array", OPTIK, vol. 91, No. 1, Jul. 1992, pp. 41-45.
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Dubno Herbert
Mai Tan V.
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