Optical: systems and elements – Stereoscopic – With right and left channel discriminator
Patent
1996-01-22
1998-06-30
Henry, Jon W.
Optical: systems and elements
Stereoscopic
With right and left channel discriminator
359462, G02B 2724, G02B 2722
Patent
active
057742626
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises an optical system for two- and three-dimensional representation of information by use of transmission displays for computer and video technology, for head-up displays for aviation and space flight, in advertising and presentation, in medical engineering, in the field of virtual reality and in other fields.
The two-dimensional representation of information by use of transmission displays with electronically selectable pixels in a matrix arrangement has been known for a long time, and it is used mainly in the computer and video technology and for games and displays, especially in portable computers, such as laptops or palmtops. A drawback of these systems is the high power required for operating the illumination, by which the battery life is reduced.
For the three-dimensional representation of information some solutions are known.
Most important are stereoscopic techniques. Usually, the two stereoscopic semi-images are assigned by additional aids. A well known technique uses mutually perpendicular polarized light representing the two semi-images, assignment to the viewer's eyes being effected by a pair of polarizing spectacles.
Another possibility is the sequiential display of the two semi-images, which are correctly assigned to the viewer's eyes through a pair of synchronously switching shutter spectacles.
Stereoscopic techniques have the great drawback that additional aids are required. These aids are not required for autostereoscopic techniques.
The best known autostereoscopic technique uses a lenticular screen which projects the light of the semi-images pixel by pixel onto the viewer's eyes. Unfavourable above all is the required fixed position of the viewer, whose lateral range of motion is restricted to one interocular distance. To increase this range, the number of pixels per screen lens has to be increased. There also occurs image flipping with the irksome reversal of the longitudinal magnification in the viewed image. Even greater demands on the resolution of the displays are made by solutions for several viewers.
Another autostereoscopic technique described in (U.S. Pat. No. 5,036,385) projects line or point sources of light through the pixels of a transmission display onto the eyes of the viewer. The correct assignment is obtained if the light sources are arranged in such a way that by the even-numbered and odd-numbered columns in the display they are visible only to the right and left eye, respectively. A drawback is the required fixed position of the viewer, the complicated illumination system and the high power for operating the illumination system. A switching-over device for the viewing of two-dimensional scenes is provided which uses what is known as the barrier technique. For the barrier technique a grid is placed in front of the display in such a way that, across the grid, the left eye sees only the columns corresponding to the left semi-image on the display. This applies analogously to the right eye and the corresponding image content.
A technique according to an Australian patent (AU-A-13076/92) constitutes a varied barrier technique. In the place of the grid, a screen with a geometrical arrangement of prisms is used. Prism-free columns of the screen are used as the gate for the right as well as the left semi-image. Just as with other barrier techniques, the rigid positioning requirements of display and viewer is a great drawback.
An autostereoscopic technique according to DE-OS 40 04 739, channels two semi-images or parts of the semi-images alternately onto the eyes of the viewer through one light source of a pair of light sources. This is achieved by optical elements with a lens function, the transmission display being in the range of the aperture diaphragms of the optical elements. Disadvantageously this time-sequential technique requires doubling of the image frequency, which with the present still very limited switching frequency of the transmission displays, makes great demands on realization, if the image is to be seen w
REFERENCES:
patent: 2574186 (1951-11-01), Mahler
patent: 2891444 (1959-06-01), Ewald
patent: 4704004 (1987-11-01), Nosker
patent: 4772094 (1988-09-01), Sheiman
patent: 5036385 (1991-07-01), Eichenlaub
Heidrich Holger
Schwerdtner Armin
Henry Jon W.
Technische Universitaet Dresden
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