Optical system and element for detecting ice and water

Communications: electrical – Condition responsive indicating system – Specific condition

Reexamination Certificate

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C340S580000, C340S581000, C340S582000, C340S962000, C250S341300, C250S339070

Reexamination Certificate

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07400260

ABSTRACT:
An optical system for detecting ice and water on the surface of an aircraft includes an elongated transparent optical element having first and second end portions. A light source and light detector are disposed in one end of the optical element and a reflective surface is disposed in the opposite end portion. The reflective surface defines a critical angle and reflects light from the light source to the light detector when the critical angle is in contact with air and refracts the light toward the external environment when the reflective surface is in contact with ice or water. The system may also incorporate an optical element wherein the reflective surface includes a continuous array of convex elements extending outwardly from and across one end of the optical element and wherein each of the convex elements defines a critical angle.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3362224 (1968-01-01), Melone
patent: 4766369 (1988-08-01), Weinstein
patent: 4782331 (1988-11-01), Martens
patent: 4797660 (1989-01-01), Rein, Jr.
patent: 4803470 (1989-02-01), Fineman
patent: 4851817 (1989-07-01), Brossia et al.
patent: 5014042 (1991-05-01), Michoud et al.
patent: 5296853 (1994-03-01), Federow et al.
patent: 6425286 (2002-07-01), Anderson et al.
patent: 6762409 (2004-07-01), Fritsch et al.

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