Optical: systems and elements – Compound lens system – Microscope
Patent
1989-04-27
1992-08-18
Arnold, Bruce Y.
Optical: systems and elements
Compound lens system
Microscope
359385, 359432, G02B 702, G02B 2106
Patent
active
051404583
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an optical illuminating and observing apparatus comprising an optical observing system and an optical illuminating system, in which the observing magnification of the optical observing system and the illuminating field of the optical illuminating system can be changed, respectively.
BACKGROUND ART
A typical example of such instruments includes medical optical instruments such as surgical microscopes, slit-lamps, retinal cameras and other instruments. These medical optical instruments comprise an optical illuminating system for illuminating an object to be observed and an optical observing system for observing the object.
Such optical instruments are classified into an independent type in which the illuminating field of the optical illuminating system can be changed completely independently of the magnification of the optical observing system and an interlocking type in which both the optical systems can be interlocked at all times.
The independent type optical instruments are troublesome in operation since the illuminating system should be independently adjusted to change its illuminating field for each change of magnification in the optical observing system.
On the other hand, the interlocking type optical illuminating and observing instruments are not troublesome in operation. However, they can always be used only in combinations of lower observing magnification--wider illuminating field and higher observing magnification--narrower illuminating field. Therefore, the interlocking type optical instruments cannot meet various requirements where a part of the observing field or a part of an object to be observed should be more brightly illuminated although the observing magnification may not be very increased with the illuminating field being decreased or where the effective exit pupil of the illuminating system is to be located nearer the optical axis for observation as in the operation on the cataract by the use of a surgical microscope.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of the optical instruments according to the prior art and to provide an optical illuminating and observing apparatus having the advantages in both the independent and interlocking type optical instruments.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
To this end, the present invention provides an optical illuminating and observing apparatus comprising an optical observing system; means for changing the observing magnification of said optical observing system; an optical illuminating system; means for changing the illuminating field of said optical illuminating system; and selective drive means for selectively driving said magnification changing means and said field changing means in interlocking or non-interlocking mode.
In one aspect of the present invention, the optical illuminating and observing apparatus is characterized by the fact that said magnification changing means comprises an optical magnification changing system, a first driving mechanism for driving said optical magnification changing means and drive means for providing a driving force to said first driving mechanism; said field changing means comprising an optical illuminating field changing system and a second driving mechanism for driving said optical illuminating field changing means; and said selective drive means comprising a connecting mechanism selectively connected with said second driving mechanism to transmit the driving force from said drive means to said second driving mechanism.
In another aspect of the present invention, the optical illuminating and observing apparatus is characterized in the fact that said magnification changing means comprises an optical magnification changing system, a first driving mechanism for driving said optical magnification changing system and a first motor for providing a driving force to said first driving mechanism; said field changing means comprising an optical illuminating field changing system, a second driving mechanism for driving
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Kitazima Nobuaki
Takagi Kazutoshi
Torii Yoshitaka
Arnold Bruce Y.
Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon
Nguyen Thong
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