1980-07-10
1983-08-23
Lieberman, Eli
350 9621, G02B 726
Patent
active
044000537
ABSTRACT:
An optical fiber coupler in which adjacent end portions of two optical fibers are inserted predetermined coupling lengths into recesses in opposite and portions of a tubular waveguide. Each optical fiber comprises an optical fiber guiding core with outer cladding. The tubular waveguide comprises an annular cross-section tubular guiding core with inner and outer cladding. The adjacent end portions of the optical fiber guiding cores are aligned with one another along the axis of the tubular waveguide and are disposed concentrically within it. Their adjacent end surfaces may be spaced apart, or may abut. The optical fibers are fixed with their guiding cores concentrically aligned within the tubular waveguide guiding core by a spacer member. The optical fiber guiding cores and the tubular waveguide guiding core have the same refractive index, for example, 1.500. The spacer member and the cladding materials have a lower refractive index, for example, 1.495. Optimum relationships between the physical and optical parameters of the coupler are defined for maximum optical power tranmission. These are expressed as equations in which unknown parameters such as the thickness of the tubular waveguide guiding core, and the coupling lengths (namely, the distances the optical fiber guiding cores are inserted into the tubular waveguide) can be determined from known parameters.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4220398 (1980-09-01), Dalgoutte
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