Optical designation device especially for microsurgical operatio

Details Optical designation device especially for microsurgical operatio Optical designation device especially for microsurgical operatio

1996-05-20

1998-09-15

Shay, David M.

Surgery

Instruments

Light application

606 13, 606 14, 606130, 21912178, 600476, A61N 506

Patent

active

058073876

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention concerns a device of optical designation, especially for the realization of operation of microsurgery. A such device is destined to be associated to an optical instrument such as a microscope or a binocular. In the following, we will designate by "microscope" all optical instruments employed for the observation of the zone of intervention in surgery and microsurgery.
2. Description of the Related Art
Such microscopes are employed to permit the surgeon to effect manipulations of precision. One of the problems is to manoeuver around a target within the field of vision of the microscope. Another problem is to exploit the information obtained by techniques of imagery, for example tomodensitometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, to guide the gestures of the surgeon.
It is known for example in the state of the technique the French patent FR2682778, concerning a microscope for operation of stereotaxic microsurgery assisted by computer. This document describes a microscope for stereotaxic microsurgery assisted by computer and a process for its functioning. This microscope consists of detectors detecting optical givens, a system of identification of position and a device of control of the process evaluating the signals of the aforementioned system, this system is a system at base optical integrated into the optical system of the microscope. It is foreseen a device which converts the signals delivered by the device into a two-dimensional graphic representation. Such a microscope presents a great complexity to put into work and is not adapted to the daily work of a surgeon.
We know equally in the earlier art a system of localization described in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,076. This system consists of a framework integrated with the head of the patient. The framework supports light sources whose intersection designates a particular zone of the head of the patient, for example, the target. This system is not totally satisfactory for it does not permit to take count of the simple manner of the displacement of the microscope, and limits the ways of access by the fact of the presence of the framework supporting the light sources.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A primary goal of the present invention is to propose a simple way permitting the surgeon to supervise the approach to the critical zone, or target, without quitting the eyepiece of the microscope.
A secondary goal of the invention is to permit a calculation of the distance between the observed surface and the target in such a way as to determine the depth between the target in relation to the surface of the operating field.
A third goal of the invention is to permit control of the ways of manoeuvering to permit a following of the target notwithstanding the relative movements of the microscope in relation to the observed field, and eventually a subjection of the methods of designation in relation to a base of pre-recorded images.
The invention concerns most particularly a device of optical designation consisting of a plate integrated with the optical instrument, supporting at least one light source for the emission of a light beam, said light source orientable angularly, said light source being shifted in relation to the optical axis of the optical instrument.
The surgeon can thus evaluate visually the progression of his work.
According to a first variant, the orientation of the light source in relation to the optical axis of the microscope is determined by a computer assuring the orientation of the light beam in the direction of a target-point whose coordinates are known.
According to a second variant, the orientation of the light source is subject to the displacement of the microscope. This method of realization permits to realize a following of the target notwithstanding the relative displacements of the microscope in relation to the operating field.
According to a third variant, the device consists of a sensor of angular position delivering an electric signal permitting a computer to determin

REFERENCES:
patent: 5143076 (1992-09-01), Hardy et al.
patent: 5545160 (1996-08-01), O'Rourke
patent: 5562656 (1996-10-01), Sumiya

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