X-ray or gamma ray systems or devices – Electronic circuit – With display or signaling
Patent
1997-09-19
1999-07-06
Porta, David P.
X-ray or gamma ray systems or devices
Electronic circuit
With display or signaling
378 9812, H04N 532
Patent
active
059206047
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an optical arrangement and method for transmitting and converting X-ray primary images.
X-ray pictures in the region of visible light are traditionally produced on surfaces which turn the X-ray beams modulated by the irradiated object into visible light. For this, scintillation sheets are generaly commonly employed. Sheets of this type contain e.g. caesium iodide. Alternatively,. other primary image arrangements, as e.g. laminated glass or laminated plastic sheets are also conceivable.
For television transmission of X-ray images, television cameras have already also been employed. With this, an X-ray image intensifier is used which receives the X-ray beams modulated by the irradiated object and reproduces an intensified output image via an optic of great light transmitting capacity on the projection surface of a television camera. The television camera delivers electrical signals, which are reconverted in the monitor to the irradiated image. At the same time, the image intensifier consists of an evacuated tube, on whose end side there is located an X-ray fluoroscopic screen as a primary image arrangement. Directly behind this, there is located the photocathode from which electrons exit after incidence of light, the number of which being proportional to the excitation of the fluorescent screen by way of the X-ray beams. An image intensification arises in that the emitted photo-electrons are accelerated by an electric field and excite the oppositely lying output fluorescent screen to several intensified illuminations. The output image may be transmitted to the input optic of the television receiver tube in many ways. Electrostatic images e.g. are known, with which the image on the input window is reduced electron-optically onto the output window and is thus adapted to the window of the camera. It may also be transmitted by way of an optical lens arrangement, in which the output image of the image intensifier lies in the focal plane of the first objective, wherein the image is produced in the focal plane of the camera objective. Instead of the optical transmission, the image may be transmitted from the output side of the image intensifier also by way of fiber optics to the input optic of the television camera.
Such television systems are extraordinarily complicated, require specially adapted X-ray apparatus and due to the large space requirements, may not be integrated into standard X-ray apparatus.
In practice therefore laser-image sytems are mostly applied in order to convert X-ray pictures into electrical signals and to store or to transmit the image signals, or to process them in other ways. With laser-image systems memory sheets are primarily applied which store the modulated X-ray irradiation in a metastable condition. The sheets are excited to illuminate by way of a HeNe laser. In this way, the signal can be electron-optically converted. Alternatively conventionally exposed sheet may also be "scanned". With this then, the primary image is produced on the sheet or film, this permitting the application of conventional film cassettes ("Bucky's"). On the other hand with such arrangements no online transmission is possible, and otherwise for conversion, a separate scanning procedure is required.
It is the object of the invention to provide an arrangement and a method which permits the on-line acquisition and transmission as well as representation of X-ray images in an economically simple manner, and also to technically permit the later retrofitting of conventional X-ray apparatus
By way of an arrangement of a multitude of optical systems for the reduced imaging, in each case of a field corresponding to a single segment of the primary picture, on an optical image guide, the invention achieves a low constructional size as well as a high image resolution. As optical systems, lens arrangements may be employed which are advantageously arranged in a matrix manner in rows and columns. The image guides assigned to the individual lens arrangements or objectives may on the output side be grou
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Laupper Ruedi G.
Wagli Peter
Porta David P.
Teleray AG
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