Optical: systems and elements – Optical modulator – Light wave temporal modulation
Reexamination Certificate
2005-09-27
2005-09-27
Epps, Georgia (Department: 2873)
Optical: systems and elements
Optical modulator
Light wave temporal modulation
C359S245000, C359S246000, C359S250000, C359S252000, C359S254000, C359S665000, C359S666000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06950219
ABSTRACT:
To provide an optical apparatus which controls an interface state to change a focal length by using an optical element having a container sealing first liquid that is conductive or polarized and second liquid that does not mutually mix with the first liquid with their interface in a predetermined form and electrodes provided in the container and of which optical characteristics change according to change of interface form due to application of voltage to the electrodes, and in particular an optical apparatus that controls a duty ratio of alternating current voltage applied to said electrodes for changing said interface form.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5576893 (1996-11-01), Yamanouchi
patent: 6369954 (2002-04-01), Berge et al.
patent: 6469683 (2002-10-01), Suyama et al.
patent: 08-114703 (1996-05-01), None
patent: 2633079 (1997-04-01), None
patent: 11-133210 (1999-05-01), None
patent: 99/18456 (1999-04-01), None
Kawanami Eriko
Noto Goro
Onuki Ichiro
Dinh Jack
Epps Georgia
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