Internal-combustion engines – Multiple cylinder – Having rotary output shaft parallel to cylinders
Patent
1980-09-19
1983-10-04
Feinberg, Craig R.
Internal-combustion engines
Multiple cylinder
Having rotary output shaft parallel to cylinders
123 57B, 123 61R, 123 66, F02B 7524, F02B 7528
Patent
active
044072406
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to reciprocating piston machines and more particularly to reciprocating piston internal combustion engines.
BACKGROUND ART
The operational of many known reciprocating piston internal combustion engines is limited at least in part by incomplete combustion of the fuel, and a side effect of the incomplete combustion is the pollution of the atmoshpere. Furthermore the conventional coupling of piston to crankshaft via a connecting rod is inefficient due to the constantly changing crank angle during the power stroke. In additional many existing coventional reciprocating piston engines are complicated and thus expensive to produce and maintain.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
From one aspect according to the invention there is provided a two stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine comprising a scavenging plate disposed in the combustion chamber and axially movable therein to function as a free piston to expel combustion gases therefrom. The scavenging plate is preferably arranged to be retained against the cylinder head during the power stroke of the piston and to be released for axial movement in the combustion chamber towards the end of the power stroke. The scavenging plate is preferably guided during its movement by one or more guide rods disposed in the cylinder. Movement of the scavenging plate may be achieved by means of compressed gas which may form the fresh charge for introduction into the combustion chamber. For this purpose the scavenging plate may if desired be provided with a one-way valve by means of which the fresh charge may enter the combustion chamber proper after causing movement of the plate to expel exhaust gases.
The inlet and exhaust valve of the engine are preferably piston controlled and may comprise an oscillating disc inlet valve and an axially slidable sleeve exhaust valve. Alternatively the valve may be driven by conventional means e.g. by a gear train driven from an output shaft connected to the piston. From another aspect the invention is a reciprocating piston machine comprising a main piston secured to a piston rod and one or more subsidiary pistons fixed on the piston rod below the main piston and by means of which gas can be forced into a combustion space above the main piston at super-atmospheric pressure. Preferably the sub-pistons slide in the same cylinder as the main piston. One or more of the sub-pistons may be arranged to pump a liquid, e.g. hydraulic oil, in which case it may be desirable for the swept volume of the liquid pumping cylinder to be relatively small. This can be achieved if desired by arranging the liquid pumping cylinder to be of relatively small swept volume as compared with the volume swept by the main piston, e.g. by being of small diameter or by being an annular cylinder surrounding a gas pumping cylinder. Alternatively the piston of the liquid pumping cylinder could be connected to the piston rod by means of a lost motion coupling to reduce the effective stroke of that particular subsidiary piston.
The piston rod may be connected to a conventional crank shaft by means of a connecting rod but preferably the piston rod is connected to drive an output shaft by means of a so-called sector pinion device comprising a toothed forked member and a pinion having teeth over half of its periphery. In an alternative arrangement the sector pinion device could be replaced by a similar, mechanically equivalent device in which the meshing teeth are replaced by smooth faces which engage frictionally one with the other. In this arrangement the sector pinion itself may be replaced by a frusto-conical wheel half of the peripheral surface of which is faced with a friction material, while the forked member is provided with two inclined smooth faces arranged to be engaged alternately by the friction face of the frusto-conical wheel. To compensate automatically for wear the wheel is preferably splined on its shaft so that it can move axially thereon and is urged by resilient means such as a spring into engagement with the in
REFERENCES:
patent: 1230219 (1917-06-01), Reall
patent: 1316437 (1919-09-01), Flood
patent: 1753759 (1930-04-01), Stalker
patent: 2127052 (1938-08-01), Koch
patent: 2392052 (1946-01-01), Matheisel
patent: 3559628 (1971-02-01), Boldery
patent: 3786790 (1974-01-01), Plevyak
Feinberg Craig R.
Schaffer Murray
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