Gas and liquid contact apparatus – Contact devices – Injector type
Reexamination Certificate
1999-02-15
2001-03-13
Bushey, C. Scott (Department: 1724)
Gas and liquid contact apparatus
Contact devices
Injector type
C261SDIG007
Reexamination Certificate
active
06199834
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention pertains to the field of jet technology, primarily to devices for evacuation or compression of gaseous mediums.
BACKGROUND
An operational method of a liquid-gas ejector is known, which includes feeding of a motive liquid under pressure into the ejector's nozzle, discharge of the motive liquid from the nozzle and evacuation of a gaseous medium by the motive liquid (see SU, certificate of authorship, 1195074, cl. F 04 F/54,1985).
This method allows evacuation of various gases by a motive liquid circulating in a closed loop. But this method does not provide complete and effective utilization of the energy of the motive liquid, which reduces effectiveness of liquid-gas ejector's operation.
The closest analogue of the method introduced in the present invention is a method of operation of a liquid-gas ejector, which includes feeding of a motive liquid under pressure into the ejector's nozzle, discharge of the motive liquid from the nozzle, evacuation of a gaseous medium by the motive liquid, mixing of the two mediums with simultaneous partial transfer of kinetic energy from the motive liquid to the evacuated gaseous medium and consequent compression of the gaseous medium, forming of a gas-liquid mixture and its further discharge from the ejector (see RU, patent 2016268, cl. F 04 F 5/54,1994).
The above described operational method of a liquid-gas ejector provides evacuation of various gaseous mediums, generation of a vacuum in an evacuated reservoir and compression of the evacuated gaseous medium. However, this method is characterized with rather big losses of energy of the motive liquid because of irrational energy transfer at the initial stage of interaction between the motive liquid and evacuated gaseous medium.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is aimed at an increase of the efficiency factor of a liquid-gas ejector by reducing losses of energy of the ejectors motive liquid.
The recited problem is solved as follows. An operational method for a liquid-gas ejector, which includes feeding of a motive liquid into the ejector's nozzle, discharge of the motive liquid from the nozzle, evacuation of a gaseous medium by the motive liquid, mixing of the two mediums with simultaneous partial transfer of kinetic energy from the motive liquid to the evacuated gaseous medium and consequent compression of the gaseous medium, forming of a gas-liquid mixture and its further discharge from the ejector, is modified so that after discharge from the nozzle the peripheral part of the motive liquid flow is separated from the main flow, collected and discharged from the ejector in order to prevent penetration of the collected portion of the motive liquid into a mixing chamber of the ejector.
The collected portion of the motive liquid can be discharged from the ejector by gravity or using a pumping action.
Experimental research into operation of liquid-gas ejectors showed, that during discharge of a motive liquid from the ejector's nozzle (no matter whether single-channel or multi-channel), the peripheral part of the motive liquid flow consisting mainly of fine drops loses kinetic energy much faster than the remaining part of the liquid flow while coming into contact with an evacuated gas. In fact this peripheral portion of the motive liquid becomes a medium to be evacuated. While hitting with molecules of the evacuated gas, the peripheral part of the liquid flow is sprayed in a receiving chamber and settles on the walls of its downstream section. The sprayed portion of the motive liquid streams down under gravity and under influence of the gas flow and is accumulated in the receiving chamber. As the sprayed portion accumulates, it starts to flow into the mixing chamber. If the ejector is placed horizontally the accumulated portion of the motive liquid is also able to penetrate the pipeline, through which the evacuated gaseous medium flows into the ejector. If the motive liquid collected in the receiving chamber enters the mixing chamber the energy of non-sprayed part of the motive liquid flow is consumed not only for evacuation of the gaseous medium, but also for pumping of this “passive” portion of the motive liquid through the ejector's flow-through channel. All of this negatively affects performance of the ejector.
Penetration of the “passive” portion of the motive liquid into the gas supply pipeline results in encountering a higher hydraulic resistance in this pipeline, such that extra energy consumption is required to overcome this additional resistance.
Collecting of the sprayed peripheral part of the motive liquid flow in a special cavity arranged in the ejector's receiving chamber and following discharge of the collected liquid from the receiving chamber prevents ingress of the “passive” motive liquid into the mixing chamber or into the gas supply pipeline and eliminates its negative influence on performance of the liquid-gas ejector.
Depending on the mode of the ejector's operation and its position (horizontal or vertical, the ejector's height relative to the other elements of the system), there are two variants for discharge of the motive liquid accumulated in the receiving chamber—by gravity or using a pumping action. The discharge by gravity is possible for the most part when the liquid-gas ejector is used for producing a vacuum, because in this case a barometric pipe can be used as the drain pipe for discharge of the accumulated liquid. If the liquid-gas ejector is used for other purposes (for example for gas compression), it is preferable to pump out the motive liquid collected in the receiving chamber.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2207390 (1940-07-01), White
patent: 2223237 (1940-11-01), Cooke
patent: 3655343 (1972-04-01), Galeano
patent: 3761065 (1973-09-01), Rich et al.
patent: 3938738 (1976-02-01), Nagel et al.
patent: 4634560 (1987-01-01), Eckert
patent: 6019820 (2000-02-01), Leverett
patent: 2016268 (1994-07-01), None
patent: 2050168 (1995-12-01), None
patent: 559098 (1977-07-01), None
patent: 1195074 (1985-11-01), None
patent: 1588925 (1990-08-01), None
patent: 1733714 (1992-05-01), None
Doubinski Anatoli M.
Popov Serguei A.
Bushey C. Scott
Oathout Mark A.
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