Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,... – Hair dyeing
Reexamination Certificate
2001-04-30
2003-07-22
Kopec, Mark (Department: 1751)
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,...
Hair dyeing
C008S405000, C008S110000, C008S111000, C008S408000, C008S431000, C008S534000, C008S555000, C008S556000, C008S606000, C008S649000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06596035
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention is in the field of coloring hair, including compositions and methods for use therein.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hair color is used by a large percentage of the population. The reasons consumers may color hair vary from a desire to change hair color, cover grey hair, or provide unique effects such as streaking, highlighting and the like. One common complaint among haircolor users is that dyed hair often looks artificial because it does not provide the variations in tonality and hue found in natural hair. Thus, there is a need to develop methods and compositions for coloring hair that will provide more natural looking hair.
One known method for providing dyed hair with greater variability in tonality and hue is a two step procedure whereby the hair is first bleached to remove color. In the second step, hair color is applied to the bleached hair. Because the bleaching process provides uneven stripping of color from the hair, the subsequently applied color then dyes the stripped hair fibers in different shades, depending on how much color was removed by the bleaching process. This two step process is disadvantageous because it takes twice the time, and may cause increased damage to sensitive hair because both the bleach and the colorant are most often highly alkaline and are on the hair consecutively. This current method is particularly disadvantageous for those who use other hair products such as permanent waves and relaxers, which also may damage to overly sensitive hair.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,291 teaches a method and compositions for simultaneously lightening and coloring hair where an aqueous colorant composition containing Disperse dyes is combined with a powder bleach composition containing persulfate. The mixture is made immediately prior to use and applied to the hair. The patentee claims that hair dyed with this composition is capable of providing hightlights, or lift, to the hair. However, the Disperse dyes used in this formula are semi-permanent dyes, thus do not provide permanent color to the hair.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 08175940, published Jul. 9, 1997, teaches the combination of a xanthene-based hair dyeing agent, a peroxide based developer, and a persulfate based bleaching compound. The pH of the solution is about 7-10. However, the xanthene based dyes taught in this composition are also semi-permanent dyes and do not provide permanent color to the hair. Moreover, the xanthene based dye may be unstable in the alkaline mixture.
The object of the invention is to provide a one step method for simultaneously coloring and hightlighting hair with permanent color, to provide hair having variations in tonality and hue.
The object of the invention is to provide a one step method for coloring and hightlighting hair, particularly hair which has already been treated with coloring agents.
The object of the invention is to provide a method for coloring and highlighting hair with oxidation dyes that provide permanent color to hair.
The object of the invention is to provide a single composition for coloring and hightlighting hair without causing undue hair damage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises a composition for simultaneously coloring and highlighting hair to provide hair fibers having variations in tonality and hue, comprising, by weight of the total composition:
(a) 1-10% inorganic persulfate,
(b) 1-20% hydrogen peroxide,
(c) 0.001-20% (combined weight) of at least one primary intermediate and, optionally, at least one coupler for the formation of oxidation dyes; and
(d) 0.01-20% of one or more surfactants.
The invention also comprises a one step method for simultaneously coloring and highlighting hair to provide hair fibers having variations in tonality and hue comprising the steps of:
(a) combining, immediately prior to use, (i) a powder composition comprised of at least one inorganic persulfate, (ii) an aqueous developer composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide; and (iii) an aqueous based colorant composition comprised of at least one primary intermediate and, optionally, at least one coupler for the formation of oxidation dyes; and
(b) applying the mixture of (a) to the hair for a period of time sufficient to cause coloration and highlighting of the hair.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention comprises both a composition used to provide highlighting and coloration to hair as well as a one step method for coloring and highlighting hair. All percentages mentioned herein are percentages by weight unless otherwise indicated.
I. The Composition
The composition for simultaneously coloring and highlighting hair to provide hair fibers having variations in tonality and hue, comprises about:
(a) 1-10% inorganic persulfate,
(b) 1-20% hydrogen peroxide,
(c) 0.001-20% (combined weight) of at least one primary intermediate and at least one coupler for the formation of oxidation dyes; and
(d) 0.01-20% of one or more cationic surfactants.
The composition is prepared by mixing (i) a powder bleach composition, (ii) an aqueous developer composition; and (iii) an aqueous based colorant composition comprised of at least one primary intermediate and, optionally, at least one coupler for the formation of oxidation dyes prior to application to the hair.
A. The Powder Bleach Composition
The powder bleach composition is generally a mixture of persulfate compounds which are capable of bleaching the hair, particulate fillers, and, if desired, inorganic particulate colorants.
1. Persulfates
The powder bleach composition comprises 15-65%, preferably 20-60%, more preferably 25-55% by weight of the total composition of at least one inorganic persulfate which may be ammonium persulfate, or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal persulfate. Preferred are alkali metal or alkaline earth metal persulfates. Examples of alkali metal persulfates include lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, and the like. Examples of suitable alkaline earth metals include magnesium, calcium, and the like. Particularly preferred are sodium and potassium persulfates. The persulfates are generally in particulate form, and have particle sizes ranging from about 0.1 to 200 microns.
2. Particulate Fillers
The remainder of the powder bleach composition comprises particulate fillers. Preferably, the powder bleach composition comprises 5-60%, preferably 8-55%, more preferably 10-50% by weight of the total composition of the particulate fillers. The term “particulate filler” means a generally inert particulate having a particle size of about 0.1-250 microns. The particulate fillers provide volume and, when mixed with the persulfates, dilute the persulfate particles. A variety of particulate fillers are suitable including inorganics, inorganic salts, hydrophilic colloids, carbohydrates, soaps, alkyl sulfates, and the like.
(a) Inorganics
Examples of inorganics include silica, hydrated silica, alumina, attapulgite, bentonite, calcium oxide, chalk, diamond powder, diatomaceous earth, fuller's earth, hectorite, kaolin, mica, magnesium oxide, montmorillonite, pumice, talc, tin oxide, zeolite, zinc oxide, and the like.
(b) Inorganic Salts
Examples of suitable inorganic salts include aluminum, sodium, potassium, and magnesium salts of inorganic or organic acids. Examples of suitable salts include sodium metasilicate, sodium chloride, sodium silicate, aluminum citrate, calcium saccharin, calcium salicylate, calcium citrate, calcium benzoate, magnesium acetate, magnesium ascorbate, magnesium PCA, magnesium gluconate, potassium acetate, potassium benzoate, potassium citrate, potassium sorbate, sodium acetate, sodium ascorbate, sodium citrate, sodium gluconate, sodium pyruvate, and mixtures thereof.
(c) Hydrophilic Colloids
Examples of suitable hydrophilic colloids include hydroxyethylcellulose, locust bean, maltodextrin, methylcellulose, agar, dextran, dextran sulfate, gelatin, pectin, potassium alginate, sodium carboxymethylchitin, xanthan gum, and the like.
(d) Carbohydrates
Examples of suitable carbohydrates include sugars such as glucose, sucrose, maltose, xylose, trehelose, and derivati
Chan Alexander
Gutkowski Glen Alan
Singh Shailendra Kumar
Blackburn Julie
Elhilo Eisa
Kopec Mark
Revlon Consumer Products Corporation
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