Mineral oils: processes and products – Products and compositions – Lubricating oils
Patent
1991-06-05
1994-11-08
Myers, Helane
Mineral oils: processes and products
Products and compositions
Lubricating oils
208 18, 208 16, 252 496, 252 56S, 252 56R, 252 50, 585 66, 585 13, 585 14, C10M10506
Patent
active
053623754
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to oil compositions and more particularly to such a composition which is substantially free from thermal deterioration and carbonaceous deposition at high temperatures and sufficiently undeteriorative even in oxidizing atmospheres. The oil composition is suitable for use as a lubricating oil, heat transfer oil, heat treating oil, electrical discharge machining oil or the like.
BACKGROUND ART
Lubricating oils, heat transfer oils, heat treating oils and electrical discharge machining oils find extensive application in various sectors of industry. Great concern, however, has aroused as these prior art oils tend to get deteriorated upon exposure to heating and oxidizing environments.
The above character of oil is liable to thermally deteriorate with carbonaceous deposits and also with sludge precipitates in some cases because it is often subject to high temperature. Moreover, it oxidatively denatures and deteriorates with the results that acidic material will develop, thus causing metal corrosion and that oxide material will polycondensate, resulting in sludge deposition. In an effort to eliminate the tendency of the oil becoming thermally and oxidatively deteriorative, a number of antioxidants have been proposed which however are all encountered with something poor or defective. No antioxidants are known to have capabilities for all practical purposes.
Deterioration of the foregoing oil will in most instances take place as a result of both heating and oxidizing factors becoming tangled rather than either one of the factors. Those known antioxidants suffer from too low a magnitude of heat resistance to warrant application at elevated temperature.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention seeks to provide an oil composition which excels in oxidative stability with carbonaceous matter held to an absolute minimum.
Research efforts have been made to arrive at the invention based on the finding that oil compositions when blended with a certain specific type of oil fractionate can be inhibited from being thermally and oxidatively deteriorated. This fractionate is an oil generating from a hydrogenated pitch and boiling at from 160.degree. to 550.degree. C., the pitch being obtained by primarily heat-treating and hydrogenating a heavy oil of a petroleum or coal origin, or an oil resulting from secondarily heat-treating the pitch and boiling at from 160.degree. to 550.degree. C. The resulting hydrogenated pitch is highly hydrogen-donative in nature.
In one aspect the invention provides an oil composition comprising: (a) 100 parts by weight of at least one base oil of a mineral or synthetic class and (b) 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of an oil fraction generated from a hydrogenated pitch and distilled to boil at from 160.degree. to 550.degree. C., the pitch being derived by primarily heat-treating and hydrogenating a heavy oil of a petroleum or coal origin, or an oil fraction resulting from secondarily heat-treating the pitch and boiling at from 160.degree. to 550.degree. C.
In another aspect the invention provides an oil composition comprising: (a) 100 parts by weight of at least one base oil of a mineral or synthetic class, (b) 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of an oil fraction generated from a hydrogenated pitch and distilled to boil at from 160.degree. to 550.degree. C., the pitch being derived by primarily heat-treating and hydrogenating a heavy oil of a petroleum or coal origin, or an oil fraction resulting from secondarily heat-treating the pitch and boiling at from 160.degree. to 550.degree. C. and (c) a gelling agent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1 to 3 are diagrammatical representations of certain apparatus employed to test the oil composition of the present invention, FIG. 1 being directed to a heat stability tester used in Inventive Example 1, FIG. 2 to a panel coking tester used in Inventive Example 2 and FIG. 3 to an electrical discharge machining apparatus used in Inventive Example 3.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Base oils as componen
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Kato Osamu
Kubo Junichi
Adams Bruce L.
Myers Helane
Nippon Oil Co. Ltd.
Wilks Van C.
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