Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Ester doai
Reexamination Certificate
2002-01-02
2004-07-13
Weddington, Kevin E. (Department: 1614)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Ester doai
C514S547000, C514S558000, C514S560000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06762203
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an oil or fat (hereafter referred to as “oil” merely) composition which effectively develops physiological functions derived from &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids having at least 20 carbon atoms, such as inhibition of platelet aggregation, and is excellent in effect of facilitating combustion of body fat, oxidation stability, flowability, flavor and the like, and oral medicinal compositions and foods comprising such an oil composition.
2. Description of the Background
In recent years, it has been clarified that diglycerides have an obesity-preventing effect, an effect to prevent an increase in weight, etc. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 300828/1992, etc.), and it is attempted to incorporate these into various kinds of foods. It has been reported that when a glyceride mixture containing diglycerides at a high concentration is used in an oil phase, an edible oil-in-water type emulsion composition have a rich fatty feel and is good in flavor even when a fat content is decreased (Japanese Patent No. 2848849)
On the other hand, it has been known that &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids having at least 20 carbon atoms, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are mainly contained in the form of triglyceride in fish oil and the like in plenty and have effective physiological activities such as anti-platelet aggregation property, antitumor activity, immune activation, antiallergic activity, improvement in brain function and improvement in visual function.
As oils highly containing such diglycerides and &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids, there have been known, for example, a natural oil that DHA among constitutive fatty acids of the oil is contained in a proportion of at least 60%, and the total content of diglycerides and monoglycerides is at least 80% of the oil (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60181/1996), and the like.
However, the &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids having at least 20 carbon atoms are very poor in oxidation stability. When a &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acid is oxidized, the oxidized unsaturated fatty acid involves a problem that not only its physiological activity functions are lost, but also the living body is adversely affected when such an unsaturated fatty acid is taken. In addition, an oil highly containing such a &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acid has an unpleasant flavor derived from its raw oil, and so a problem is offered when it is used in food in particular. Further, &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids involve a problem that when they are converted into their corresponding diglycerides, the viscosity of the resulting diglycerides becomes high, so that the physiological activities of the &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids are hard to be developed.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an oil composition which is good in flowability, hard to be oxidized and excellent in flavor, effectively develops physiological activities of &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids having at least 20 carbon atoms, and is excellent in effect of facilitating combustion of body fat, and oral medicinal compositions and foods comprising such an oil composition.
The present inventors have attracted attention to the compositions of acyl groups constituting a diglyceride and found that when a &ohgr;3 type unsaturated acyl group having at least 20 carbon atom and a monoenoic acyl group as acyl groups constituting a diglyceride are contained in specified amounts in an oil composition comprising a triglycerides, diglyceride, monoglyceride and free fatty acid in specified proportions, an oil composition which is hard to be oxidized, good in flowability and excellent in flavor, effectively develops physiological activities of &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids, and is excellent in effect of facilitating combustion of body fat is provided.
The present invention provides an oil composition comprising 0.1 to 59.8% by weight (hereafter indicated merely by “%” of a triglyceride, 40 to 99.7% of a diglyceride, 0.1 to 10% of a monoglyceride and at most 5% of a free fatty acid, wherein contents of &ohgr;3 type unsaturated acyl groups having at least 20 carbon atoms and monoenoic acyl groups in acyl groups constituting the diglyceride are 15 to 89.5% and 10 to 84.5%, respectively.
The present invention also provides an oral medicinal composition comprising such an oil composition.
The present invention further provides a food comprising such an oil composition.
In the present invention, no particular limitation is imposed on the number of carbon atoms in acyl groups constituting the triglyceride. However, the number of carbon atoms is preferably 8 to 24, particularly 16 to 22. The content of unsaturated acyl groups is preferably at least 55%, more preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% based on all the acyl groups in the triglyceride. The triglyceride can be obtained from a vegetable oil such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, rice oil or corn oil, an animal oil such as beef tallow or fish oil, or a hardened oil, fractionated oil or random transesterified oil thereof. The content of the triglyceride in the oil composition according to the present invention must be 0.1 to 59.8%, preferably 5 to 55%. When the content of the triglyceride is 0.1 to 59.8%, and the content of the monoglyceride is 0.1 to 10%, unpleasant flavor derived from the free fatty acid and raw oil can be masked to improve the flavor of the resulting oil composition and also the oxidation stability thereof.
In the present invention, the acyl groups constituting the diglyceride include &ohgr;3 unsaturated acyl groups having at least 20 carbon atoms in a proportion of 15 to 89.5% preferably 20 to 70%, particularly preferably 25 to 65%, most preferably 50 to 65% based on all the acyl groups in the diglyceride and monoenoic acyl groups in a proportion of 10 to 84.5%, preferably 12 to 45%, particularly preferably 12 to 35%, most preferably 14 to 25%. The term “&ohgr;3 type unsaturated acyl group” as used herein means an acyl group that a first unsaturated bond is located on the third carbon atom from a &ohgr; position when the positions of unsaturated bonds are specified from the &ohgr; position, and that has at least 2 unsaturated bonds. As the &ohgr;3 type unsaturated acyl groups having at least 20 carbon atoms, are preferred eicosapentaenoyl and docosahexaenoyl groups. The monoenoic acyl group is an acyl group having a carbon—carbon double bond. As examples thereof, are preferred hexadecamonoenoyl, octadecamonoenoyl, eicosamonoenoyl and docosamonoenoyl groups.
In the present invention, the acyl groups constituting the diglyceride preferably include &ohgr;6 type unsaturated acyl groups. The term “&ohgr;6 type unsaturated acyl group” as used herein means an acyl group that a first unsaturated bond is located on the sixth carbon atom from a &ohgr; position when the positions of unsaturated bonds are specified from the &ohgr; position, and that has at least 2 unsaturated bonds. When the &ohgr;6 type unsaturated acyl groups are contained, development of drug intoxication such as hemolysis and hemorrhage, which are caused by excess ingestion of the &ohgr;3 type unsaturated acyl groups, can be inhibited and development of the physiological activities of the &ohgr;6 type unsaturated acyl groups can be facilitated. Examples of the &ohgr;6 type unsaturated acyl groups include a linoleyl group (cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoyl group), a &ggr;-linolenyl group (all cis-6,9,12-octadecatrienoyl group) and an arachidonyl group (all cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl group), with the linoleyl group being preferred. The content of the &ohgr;6 type unsaturated acyl groups in all the acyl groups in the diglyceride is preferably 0.5 to 75%, more preferably 0.5 to 50%, particularly preferably 1 to 25%, most preferably 1 to 15% in order to more remarkably develop the above-described effects of the present invention.
The diglyceride can be obtained by an optiona
Hosoya Naoki
Koike Shin
Yasumasu Takeshi
Kao Corporation
Weddington Kevin E.
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