Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and... – Organic -co- compound
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-09
2001-09-25
Medley, Margaret (Department: 1714)
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and...
Organic -co- compound
Reexamination Certificate
active
06294507
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Lubricating oils, such as motor oil, transmission fluid, gear oil, hydraulic fluid and the like, generally include one or more additives which are designed to enhance certain physical properties of the oil. For example, sulfur and chlorine compounds are frequently added to lubricating oil to increase its film strength. However, water or moisture resulting from condensation can accumulate in the oil and can react with the sulfur or chlorine compounds to produce acidic components which can cause corrosion of the lubricated parts. To counteract the corrosive effect of the acidic components, caustic materials are often added to the oil, but the caustic materials in themselves can produce a corrosive atmosphere.
Lubricating oils are frequently subjected to extreme temperatures in service which can range from about −50° F. to 400° F. In order to provide the oil with a desired viscosity at the normal running temperature, the oil at the start-up of operation may be required to have a high viscosity which tends to produce improper lubrication until the oil temperature is increased as the mechanism is operated. In an attempt to eliminate this problem viscosity stabilizers have been incorporated in lubricating oil.
The typical lubricating oil may also contain additives that impede “wash out”of the oil from the lubricated part, or additives that improve the “drip-down” characteristics of the oil.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is directed to a composition to be added to oil, particularly lubricating oils, to improve the physical properties of the oil during service.
The additive of the invention is a homogeneous liquid comprising, in general, the combination of a metal carboxylate and a carboxylic acid in a solvent system. In a preferred form of the invention, the metal carboxylate is incorporated in the additive in the form of a premix with a hydrocarbon carrier or solvent. The additive can also contain an oil and small amounts of a conventional defoaming agent and a conventional rust and oxidation inhibitor.
The additive can be incorporated in a wide variety of oils, such as vehicle motor oil, transmission fluid, gear oil, hydraulic fluids, compressor oil, and the like. In practice, the additive is incorporated in the oil in an amount of 0.2 to 5 ounces of the additive per quart of oil.
The oil containing the additive has excellent film strength, a rating of 65 to 80 on the Timken rating scale. This compares with a Timken rating generally in the range of 23 to 45 for a typical lubricating oil. Due to its high Timken rating, which is the pressure required to break the oil film and provide metal-to-metal contact, the use of the oil containing the additive substantially increases the service life of the lubricated equipment.
The additive also provides the oil with excellent “wash-out” capabilities by reducing the surface tension of the oil and enabling the oil to be drawn into the microscopic spaces between the crystalline structures within the matrix of the metal. As the oil is not capable of entraining water, no moisture can contact the metal surfaces, therefore preventing corrosion.
As the oil containing the additive may not contain any sulfur, chlorine or phosphorus components, the corrosion resistance is substantially improved. As the lubricating oil is drawn into the pores of the metal, the drip-down time, which is the time required for the oil to drip from a surface, is substantially improved over conventional lubricating oils. Most oils have a drip-down time of about 4 to 5 hours, while the drip-down time of the oil incorporating the additive of the invention will be several months or more. An important attribute of a long drip down time is that the equipment will not undergo a dry start-up, as moving parts stay lubricated.
The oil containing the additive of the invention will substantially reduce the operating temperature of the oil and cause the oil to be drawn to the area of highest friction, or the “hot spot”. This cooling effect results in the viscosity of the oil staying higher than normal, providing increased boundary lubrication. The additive, when used with certain synthetic base stocks, will dramatically increase the viscosity index of the oil to a value of about 242.
Other objects and advantages will appear during the course of the following description.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5385683 (1995-01-01), Ransom
patent: 5576273 (1996-11-01), Karol
patent: 5786307 (1998-07-01), Igarashi et al.
Andrus Sceales, Starke & Sawall
Medley Margaret
New Age Chemical, Inc.
Toomer Cephia D.
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