Electricity: measuring and testing – Of geophysical surface or subsurface in situ – For small object detection or location
Patent
1997-09-29
2000-08-01
Snow, Walter E.
Electricity: measuring and testing
Of geophysical surface or subsurface in situ
For small object detection or location
324637, 342459, G01V 308, G01V 310, G01R 2704, G01S 302
Patent
active
060971894
ABSTRACT:
A portable system is provided that is operational for determining, with three dimensional resolution, the position of a buried object or a proximately positioned object that may move in space or air or gas. The system has a plurality of receivers for detecting the signal from a target antenna and measuring the phase thereof with respect to a reference signal. The relative permittivity and conductivity of the medium in which the object is located is used along with the measured phase signal to determine a distance between the object and each of the plurality of receivers. Knowing these distances, an iteration technique is provided for solving equations simultaneously to provide position coordinates. The system may also be used for tracking movement of an object within close range of the system by sampling and recording subsequent positions of the object. A dipole target antenna, when positioned adjacent to a buried object, may be energized using a separate transmitter which couples energy to the target antenna through the medium. The target antenna then preferably resonates at a different frequency, such as a second harmonic of the transmitter frequency.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3836960 (1974-09-01), Gehman et al.
patent: 4642786 (1987-02-01), Hansen
Arndt G. Dickey
Carl James R.
Barr Hardie R.
Snow Walter E.
The United States of America as represented by the Administrator
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