Oak tree named ‘Long’

Details Oak tree named ‘Long’ Oak tree named ‘Long’

1998-01-14

2002-06-04

Campell, Bruce R. (Department: 1661)

Plants

Broadleaf tree

Oak

Plant Patent

active

PP012673

ABSTRACT:

The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of hybrid oak tree, botanically known as
Quercus robur
‘Fastigiata’×
Quercus bicolor
, and referred to by the cultivar name ‘Long’.
The initially discovered tree is growing in a cultivated area on the home grounds of inventor Earl Cully, on Rural Route #5, Box 84A, 846 Hoagland Road, eight miles south of Jacksonville, Ill., in Morgan County, in Township 14, Range 10.
The new cultivar ‘Long’ is the result of seed collected in the fall of 1974, from a tree of
Quercus robur
‘Fastigiata’ that had been pollinated by an unnamed tree of
Quercus bicolor
(as determined by Dr. Gary Booth, Dept. of Horticulture, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo.). All seedlings grown from seed collected from this one tree proved to be F
1
hybrids. From an approximate one-thousand seedlings, about sixty superior F
1
seedlings were selected for further evaluation. Out of the sixty F
1
hybrid seedlings, six have proven to be worthy of cultivar status.
This new hybrid exhibits an upright habit of growth, exhibits great hybrid vigor, is extremely winter hardy, is very strong-wooded, has dark green leathery foliage (see FIG.
1
), and is highly resistant to powdery mildew.
The new F
1
cultivar now named ‘Long’ has been successfully asexually propagated by chip budding onto
Quercus bicolor
. Bud take has been about 95% with no imcompatibility between scion and rootstock. Buds set on two-year rootstocks have produced six to eight feet of growth in one growing season with lightly branched tops. Asexually propagated trees of this F
1
hybrid oak now named ‘Long’ have maintained the unique characteristics which in combination distinguish ‘Long’ from other cultivar selections of this F
1
hybrid cross, and from either of its parents,
Quercus robur
and
Quercus bicolor.
1. Compared to
Quercus robur
, this new hybrid is far more winter hardy, withstanding temperatures of −28° to −30° F. without damage. During October 1991, temperatures were warm for the entire month, but on October 31, dropped into the 'teens. On November 3, a record low was recorded of −1° F. Many tree species, including the English oak, were badly damaged from this arctic blast of air, and some were killed to the ground. The new F
1
hybrid now known as ‘Long’ did not suffer the slightest damage from this blast of frigid air. In the twenty-one years that it has been under test, this area has had winter lows of −28° to −30° F. This F
1
hybrid did not suffer the slightest damage. Based on these winter lows, this new hybrid would be reliably hardy in Zone 4A and the lower one-half of Zone 4B (USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map).
2. The new cultivar now named ‘Long’ is a vigorous grower with an upright habit of growth (see FIG.
2
). Its form would resemble that of ‘Bowhall’ red maple, with a narrow to medium oval crown.
3. The new cultivar now named ‘Long’ is highly resistant to wind and ice. This hybrid has never had a limb break from wind or ice during the twenty-one years it has been under test. Its staminate parent, an unnamed tree of
Quercus bicolor
, would account for its great strength, as this species has the toughest and strongest wood of any of the oaks.
4. The foliage of the new hybrid now named ‘Long’ is dark green and leathery in texture (see FIG.
3
). It is highly resistant to powdery mildew (see FIG.
3
).
5. The new hybrid exhibits hybrid vigor. A chip bud set on a two year
Quercus bicolor
understock will make six to eight feet of growth with a lightly branched top in one growing season.
6. The new hybrid at twenty-one years of age is thirty-five feet in height, with a limb spread of thirteen and one-half feet.


REFERENCES:
patent: PP6539 (1989-01-01), Astes, Jr.
Green, T-L., Hess, W.J. Two New Hybrid Oaks (Quercus-Ragaceae)J. International Oak Society, No. 8 pp 16-20 (Summer, 1998).
Huxley et al., The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening, vol. III, p. 787, The Stockton Press, 1992.

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