Electricity: measuring and testing – Particle precession resonance – Using well logging device
Reexamination Certificate
2005-01-11
2005-01-11
Arana, Louis (Department: 2859)
Electricity: measuring and testing
Particle precession resonance
Using well logging device
C324S306000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06841996
ABSTRACT:
The present invention discloses a method and apparatus to make a nuclear magnetic resonance measurement on a flowing fluid using varied wait times. In one method, NMR measurements are made by: a) flowing the fluid through a static magnetic field; b) applying a group of oscillating magnetic field pulses to the flowing fluid, wherein the group of pulses is comprised of an initial pulse and one or more refocusing pulses; c) detecting magnetic resonance signals from the flowing fluid; d) after a wait time, repeating (b) and (c) one or more times, wherein at least two of the repetitions have varied wait times; and e) analyzing the detected magnetic resonance signals to extract information about the flowing fluid. Further, varied wait time measurements may be useful in determining the flow rate of the sample.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2912641 (1959-11-01), Ruble
patent: 3597681 (1971-08-01), Huckabay et al.
patent: 4291271 (1981-09-01), Lauffer
patent: 4629986 (1986-12-01), Clow et al.
patent: 4860581 (1989-08-01), Zimmerman et al.
patent: 4936139 (1990-06-01), Zimmerman et al.
patent: 4994777 (1991-02-01), Leupold et al.
patent: 5023551 (1991-06-01), Kleinberg et al.
patent: 5055787 (1991-10-01), Kleinberg et al.
patent: 5306640 (1994-04-01), Vinegar et al.
patent: 5428291 (1995-06-01), Thomann et al.
patent: 5680043 (1997-10-01), Hurlimann et al.
patent: 5705927 (1998-01-01), Sezginer et al.
patent: 5796252 (1998-08-01), Kleinberg et al.
patent: 5939717 (1999-08-01), Mullins
patent: 6107796 (2000-08-01), Prammer
patent: 6111408 (2000-08-01), Blades
patent: 6111409 (2000-08-01), Edwards et al.
patent: 6274865 (2001-08-01), Schroer et al.
patent: 6346813 (2002-02-01), Kleinberg
patent: 6350986 (2002-02-01), Mullins et al.
patent: 6366087 (2002-04-01), Coates et al.
patent: 6439046 (2002-08-01), Kruspe et al.
patent: 6492809 (2002-12-01), Speier et al.
patent: 6661226 (2003-12-01), Hou et al.
patent: 20020075000 (2002-06-01), Pammer et al.
patent: 20030006768 (2003-01-01), Kleinberg et al.
patent: 2 291 198 (1994-07-01), None
patent: WO 9859220 (1998-06-01), None
Amyx, J. W. et al. “Petroleum Reservoir Engineering”.McGraw-Hill(1960), p. 458.
Andrew, E. R. “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance”.Cambridge University Press(1955), p. 127.
Badry, R. et al. “Downhole Optical Analysis of Formation Fluids”.Oilfield Review(Jan. 1994), pp. 21-28.
Bloembergen et al. “Relaxation Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption”.Physical Review(1948), vol. 73, No. 7, pp. 679-712.
Botto, R. E. “Fossil Fuels”.Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(1996), pp. 1-17.
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (63rd Edition).CRC Press(1982-1983), pp. B-73-B-165.
Callaghan, P. T. “Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy”.Clarendon Press(1991).
Caprihan, A. et al. “Flow Measurements by NMR”.Physics Reports198 (1990), pp. 195-235.
Collins, A. G. “Properties of Produced Waters”.Petroleum Engineering Handbook,Chapter 24, pp. 24-1-24-23.
Dechter, J. J. “Progress in Inorganic Chemistry”, vol. 29 (1982), pp. 314-385.
Dyer, J. R. “Applications of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds”.Prentice-Hall(1965), pp. 84-85.
Farrar, T. C. et al. “Pulse and Fourier Transform NMR”.Academic Press(1971).
Freedman, R. et al. “A New NMR Method of Fluid Characterization in Resrvoir Rocks: Experimental Confirmation and Simulation Results”.SPE 63214,Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (Oct. 2000), pp. 1-15.
Fukushima, E. et al. “Experimental Pulse NMR. A Nuts and Bolts Approach”.Addison-Wesley(1981).
Gerstein et al. “Transient Techniques in NMR of Solids”.Academic Press(1985), pp. 240-248.
Halbach, K. “Design of Permanent Multipole Magnets with Oriented Rare Earth Cobalt Material”,Nuclear Instruments and Methods169 (1980), pp. 1-10.
Halbach, K. “Physical and Optical Properties of Rare Earth Cobalt Magnets”.Nuclear Instruments and Methods187 (1981), pp. 109-117.
Horkowitz, J. P. et al. “Residual Oil Saturation Measurements in Carbonates with Pulsed NMR Logs”.SPWLA 36th Annual Logging Symposium(Jun. 1995), Paper Q, pp. 1-12.
Hurlimann, M. D. et al. “Spin Dynamics of Carr-Purcell-Melboom-Gill-like Sequences in Grossly Inhomogeneous B0and B1Fields and Application to NMR Well Logging”.Journal Magn. Reson.,vol. 143 (2000), pp. 120-135.
Hurlimann, M. D. “Optimization of Timing in the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill Sequence”.Magn. Reson. Imaging,vol. 19 (2001), pp. 375-378.
Kleinberg, R. L. “Well Logging”.Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,vol. 8 (1996), pp. 4960-4969.
Kleinberg, R. L. et al. “NMR Properties of Reservoir Fluids”.Log Analyst,(Nov. -Dec. 1996), pp. 20-32.
Kleinberg, R. L. et al. “Review: NMR Detection and Characterization of Hydrocarbons in Subsurface Earth Formations”.Spatially Resolved Magnetic Resonance(1998), pp. 556-573.
Li, J. C. M. et al. “Self-Diffusion Coefficient and Viscosity in Liquids”.J. Chem. Phys.,vol. 23, No. 3 (Mar. 1955), pp. 518-520.
Laszlo, Pierre. “Quadrupolar Nuclei in Liquid Samples”.Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(1996), pp. 3858-3868.
Morriss, C. E. et al. “Hydrocarbon Saturation and Viscosity Estimation from NMR Logging in the Belridge Diatomite”.Log Analyst(Mar.-Apr. 1997), p. 44-59.
Petrakis, L. et al. “The Utilization of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Petroleum, Coal, Oil Shale, Petrochemicals, and Polymers. Phenomenology, Paradigms of Applications, and Instrumentation”.Applied Spectroscopy Reviews,vol. 15(2) (1972), pp. 195-260.
Rummens, F. H. A. et al. “Intermolecular Interactions in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance”. XI. The13C and Proton Medium Shifts of CH4in the Gas Phase and in Solution.Canadian Journal of Chemistry(1977), vol. 55, pp. 3021-3030.
Schlumberger Wireline&Testing. “Wireline Formation Testing and Sampling”. SMP-7508 (1996), pp. 4-29 and 4-40.
Schlumberger Wireline&Testing. “CMR Combinable Magnetic Resonance Tool Client Operating Guide” (Jun. 1996), pp. i-37.
Singer, J. M. et al. “Fast NMR Logging for Bound Fluid and Permeability”.SPWLA 38th Annual Logging Symposium(Jun. 1997), Paper YY, pp. 1-13.
Straley, C. “An Experimental Investigation of Methane in Rock Materials”.SPWLA 38th Annual Logging Symposium(Jun. 1997), Paper AA, pp. 1-14.
Tissot, B. P. et al. “Petroleum Formation and Occurrence”.Springer-Verlag(1978), Fig. IV.1.20.
Trappeniers, N. J. et al. “High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Liquids and Gases at Pressures up to 2500 Bar”.Physica,82A (1976), pp. 581-595.
Vinegar, H. J. et al. “Whole-Core Analysis by13C NMR”.SPE Formation Evaluation6, (Jun. 1991), pp. 183-189.
Zimmerman, T. “Application of Emerging Wireline Formation Testing Technologies.”OSEA 90105(1990), pp. 1-7 and pp. 90-95.
Freedman Robert
Gaylor Richard W.
Kleinberg Robert L.
Madio David P.
Arana Louis
Batzer William B.
DeStefanis Jody Lynn
Ryberg John J.
Schlumberger Technology Corporation
LandOfFree
Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus and methods for... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus and methods for..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus and methods for... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3423320